Chapter 27 - Amines, amino acids and polymers

Question 1

How can amines be classified?

Answer 1

by the number of alkyl or aryl groups attached to N

Question 2

how do you name a primary amine when the amine group is on carbon one?

Answer 2

The amine is named using the prefix amino

Question 3

What do akins react as in reactions and why?

Answer 3

they behave as bases in their chemical reactions as the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom can accept a proton

Question 4

Amines neutralise to what?

Answer 4

salts

Question 5

how are primary amines formed?

Answer 5

ammonia acts as a nucleophile in a substitution reaction with a halo alkane. The product is an ammonium salt. Aqueous alkali is added to generate the amine from the salt.

Question 6

What conditions are needed to form primary amines and why?

Answer 6

ethanol is used as a solvent to prevent any substitution of the halo alkane by water to produce alcohols.
Excess ammonia is used which reduces further substitution .

Question 7

How is phenylamine made?

Answer 7

reduction of nitrobenzene. nitrobenzene is heated under reflux with tin and hydrochloric acid to form the ammonium salt. The salt is then reacted with excess sodium hydroxide to produce phenyl amine.

Question 8

how is the secondary amine obtained?

Answer 8

The salt is reacted with sodium hydroxide