Chapter 26 : Urinary System

Question 1

What does the Urinary System consist of?

Answer 1

Two Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary Bladder
Urethra

Question 2

What is the function of the Urinary System?

Answer 2

Filtration, which removes waste products from the blood.

Question 3

Unit of the Kidney

Answer 3

Nephrons

Question 4

Function of Kidneys

Answer 4

Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion of urine.

Question 5

Additional Functions of the Kidneys

Answer 5

Secretion of renin, which raises blood pressure, and erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production as well as activating Vitamin D.

Question 6

Ways to test for Urinary Disorders

Answer 6

Culture and Sensitivity tests

Question 7

Position of Kidneys

Answer 7

Either side of the vertebral column. The right kidney is lower due to the location of the liver.

Question 8

Renal Artery

Answer 8

Filtered blood leaves the kidneys via the renal veins, draining into the inferior vena cava and flowing back to the heart.

Question 9

Elimination of Wastes

Answer 9

The waste that are extracted from the blood are eliminated in the urine, which is made up of water, nitrogenous wastes, hormones, ions, and other substances.

Question 10

Renal Cortex

Answer 10

Contains many filtering nephrons

Question 11

Inner Portion of Kidney

Answer 11

Renal Medulla

Question 12

Nephrons

Answer 12

Each kidney contains about 1 million. Most are located in the cortex. They consist of a renal corpuscle and renal tubule.

Question 13

Renal Corpuscle

Answer 13

Composed of a cluster of blood capillaries call glomerulus.

Question 14

Glomerulus

Answer 14

Filter fluid which is the first step in urine formation.

Question 15

Renal Tubule

Answer 15

Leads away from glomerular capsule and coils into the proximal convoluted tubule. Then goes to the descending limb of Henie which bends into a U-Shaped Structure, the loop of Henie. Then to the distal convoluted tubule. Ends by merging with the collecting duct.

Question 16

Urine Transportation

Answer 16

Urine in transported via the ureters to the bladder where it is stored.

Question 17

Bladder

Answer 17

Has 3 openings; the urethra and each ureter.

Question 18

Nephron Filtration

Answer 18

Water, sodium, glucose, and waste products.

Question 19

Glomerular Filtration

Answer 19

First step in blood purification. Blood flows through glomerular capillaries where water is filtered and dissolves materials it contains.

Question 20

Tubular Reabsorption

Answer 20

Movement of water, molecules, and ions from the renal tubule to the bloodstream.