Chapter 26: Nutrition And Transport In Plants

Question 0

Active transport

Answer 0

Plants absorb minerals out of the soil by active transport using transport proteins

Question 1

Van Helmont

Answer 1

Willow tree experiment

Question 2

Macronutrients

Answer 2

CHPMgONK

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, potassium, nitrogen, magnesium

Question 3

Micronutrients

Answer 3

Zn, cu, fe, mn

Question 4

Water movement through the plant:

Answer 4

Water and minerals can move laterally

Question 5

Water movement through the plant:

From cell to cell through membranes

Answer 5

Plants can control water movement and the casparian strip insures taut the control occurs

Question 6

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 6

No cell energy required

Question 7

Aquaporins

Answer 7

Proteins that extract water

Question 8

Symplastic movement

Answer 8

Water moving from cell to cell through a tube. No control is possible

Question 9

Plasmodesmata

Answer 9

Little tiny ports inside of cell transport water

Question 10

Apoplastic movement

Answer 10

Water moving through the cell walls

Question 11

Mineral uptake-

Answer 11

1. N2 fixing bacteria

2. Mycorrhizae- fungus that increases the surface of roots for water and mineral uptake

Question 12

Tracheids

Answer 12

Taper and overlap with pits in between

Question 13

Vessel elements

Answer 13

Short, wide tubes arranged in a series- some have perforated walls some have these walls absent

Question 14

Companion cells

Answer 14

Associated with non nucleated sieve tube offer chemical support- connected by plasmodesmata

Question 15

When does water entering roots through osmosis generally occur?

Answer 15

Night

Question 16

to get to vascular cylinder

Answer 16

Dermal layer, cortex cells, casparian strip, endodermis, xylem cells

Question 17

Guttation

Answer 17

Results from root pressure in some plants- seen by drops of water at the margin of leaves

Question 18

Effects on transpiration

Answer 18

1. Hear- evaporation doubles for every 10 degree Celsius
2. Humidity- when low- greater evaporation
3. Wind- more evaporation when strong winds
4. Guard cells most influenced by above factors

Question 19

Turgid guard cells

Answer 19

Bow our to open the stomata

Question 20

Protons are carried by a

Answer 20

Proton pump out of the guard cells. K+ ions into guard cells

Question 21

Factors that affect movemet of k:

Answer 21

1. Availability of water- when low, stomata close before wilting occurs
2. Abscisic acid- hormones causes the uptake of k+ followed by water, cause to open up
3. High levels of co2 in the leave cause stomata to close
4. High temps cause stomata to close
5. Blue light stimulates the movement of the proton pump

Question 22

Circadian rhythm

Answer 22

Open in morning and close and dusk

Question 23

Closed stomata

Answer 23

Conserves water but no co2 can enter and no photosynthesis

Question 24

Plasmolysis

Answer 24

Cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall if too much water is lost

Question 25

Cohesion tension theory(transpiration pull)

Answer 25

As water transpires from the leaves it pulls a column of water- negative pressure potential

Question 26

Cohesion

Answer 26

Water to water

Question 27

Adhesion

Answer 27

Water to something else

Question 28

Sugar movement:

Translocation

Answer 28

Movement of sugars In a plant- to where photosynthesis doesn’t occur

Question 29

Sugar movement:

Occurs in phloem cells-

Answer 29

Sieve tube members- sugars move by gravity

Sieve plates- facilitate movement

Question 30

Positive pressure flow hypothesis

Answer 30

Explains how the sugar moves in a source to sink pattern: from production source (leaf) to sugar use sink