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Human Anatomy > Chapter 26 > Flashcards

Chapter 26 Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: The cystic duct allows bile to enter and exit the gallbladder

A

true

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2
Q

The first part of mechanical digestion is…

A

mastication

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3
Q

The stomach is lined by a…

A

simple columnar epithelium

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4
Q

The type of digestion that uses enzymes to break down material into smaller molecules is called ____________ digestion.

A

chemical

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5
Q

Check all that are a function of the esophagus.
-Nutrient absorption
-Movement of a bolus of food from the pharynx to the stomach.
-Prevent materials from returning from the stomach.

A

-Movement of a bolus of food from the pharynx to the stomach.
-Prevent materials from returning from the stomach.

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6
Q

Which region of the pharynx is most inferior?

A

laryngopharynx

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7
Q

Hard material; ensheaths the root of the tooth

A

cementum

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8
Q

Harder than bone; forms the mass of the tooth

A

dentin

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9
Q

Connective tissue in the center of the tooth

A

pulp

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10
Q

Hardest substance in the body; forms the crown

A

enamel

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11
Q

The _______ _______ controls passage of material from the ileum to the cecum.

A

ileocecal valve

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12
Q

Which of the following secretions of the stomach helps denature proteins and facilitate chemical digestion?
-hydrochloric acid
-gastrin
-intrinsic factor
-acidic mucin

A

-hydrochloric acid

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13
Q

surface mucous cells secrete…

A

mucin

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14
Q

mucous neck cells secrete…

A

acidic mucin

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15
Q

parietal cells secrete…

A

hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor

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16
Q

chief cells secrete…

A

pepsinogen

17
Q

Enteroendocrine cells secrete…

A

gastrin

18
Q

true or false: Absorption is the process of producing and releasing mucin or fluids such as acid, bile, and digestive enzymes.

A

false

19
Q

Originates at the right colic flexure; is intraperitoneal

A

transverse colon

20
Q

Terminates at the rectum; is intraperitoneal

A

sigmoid colon

21
Q

Originates at the ileocecal valve; is retroperitoneal

A

ascending colon

22
Q

Originates at the left colic flexure; is retroperitoneal

A

descending colon

23
Q

The common space used by both the respiratory and digestive systems is the…

A

pharynx

24
Q

Check all that are characteristics of the esophagus.
-The mucosa is composed of thick, nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
-It is composed entirely of smooth muscle.
-The two layers of muscle in the superior one-third of the muscularis are skeletal.
-it is located almost entirely in the abdomen.

A

-The mucosa is composed of thick, nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
-The two layers of muscle in the superior one-third of the muscularis are skeletal.

25
Q

Nutrients move across GI tract epithelium

A

absorption

26
Q

Involves the process of defecation

A

elimination of wastes

27
Q

Producing and releasing digestive enzymes

A

secretion

28
Q

Which of the following regions of the large intestine is a muscular tube that expands to store accumulated material prior to defecation, and terminates at the anal canal?

A

rectum

29
Q

Which region of the small intestine is where most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs?

A

jejunum

30
Q

Controls entry of materials into the large intestine

A

ileum

31
Q

Most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption

A

jejunum

32
Q

Receives bile and pancreatic juice

A

duodenum

33
Q

What is the function of bile?
-Break down fats to assist in their chemical digestion
-Assist in the digestion of starches
-Prevent the digested material from becoming too acidic
-Denature proteins to assist in their absorption

A

-Break down fats to assist in their chemical digestion

Human Anatomy (16 decks)

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