Chapter 26 Flashcards
True or False: The cystic duct allows bile to enter and exit the gallbladder
true
The first part of mechanical digestion is…
mastication
The stomach is lined by a…
simple columnar epithelium
The type of digestion that uses enzymes to break down material into smaller molecules is called ____________ digestion.
chemical
Check all that are a function of the esophagus.
-Nutrient absorption
-Movement of a bolus of food from the pharynx to the stomach.
-Prevent materials from returning from the stomach.
-Movement of a bolus of food from the pharynx to the stomach.
-Prevent materials from returning from the stomach.
Which region of the pharynx is most inferior?
laryngopharynx
Hard material; ensheaths the root of the tooth
cementum
Harder than bone; forms the mass of the tooth
dentin
Connective tissue in the center of the tooth
pulp
Hardest substance in the body; forms the crown
enamel
The _______ _______ controls passage of material from the ileum to the cecum.
ileocecal valve
Which of the following secretions of the stomach helps denature proteins and facilitate chemical digestion?
-hydrochloric acid
-gastrin
-intrinsic factor
-acidic mucin
-hydrochloric acid
surface mucous cells secrete…
mucin
mucous neck cells secrete…
acidic mucin
parietal cells secrete…
hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor
chief cells secrete…
pepsinogen
Enteroendocrine cells secrete…
gastrin
true or false: Absorption is the process of producing and releasing mucin or fluids such as acid, bile, and digestive enzymes.
false
Originates at the right colic flexure; is intraperitoneal
transverse colon
Terminates at the rectum; is intraperitoneal
sigmoid colon
Originates at the ileocecal valve; is retroperitoneal
ascending colon
Originates at the left colic flexure; is retroperitoneal
descending colon
The common space used by both the respiratory and digestive systems is the…
pharynx
Check all that are characteristics of the esophagus.
-The mucosa is composed of thick, nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
-It is composed entirely of smooth muscle.
-The two layers of muscle in the superior one-third of the muscularis are skeletal.
-it is located almost entirely in the abdomen.
-The mucosa is composed of thick, nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
-The two layers of muscle in the superior one-third of the muscularis are skeletal.
Nutrients move across GI tract epithelium
absorption
Involves the process of defecation
elimination of wastes
Producing and releasing digestive enzymes
secretion
Which of the following regions of the large intestine is a muscular tube that expands to store accumulated material prior to defecation, and terminates at the anal canal?
rectum
Which region of the small intestine is where most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs?
jejunum
Controls entry of materials into the large intestine
ileum
Most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption
jejunum
Receives bile and pancreatic juice
duodenum
What is the function of bile?
-Break down fats to assist in their chemical digestion
-Assist in the digestion of starches
-Prevent the digested material from becoming too acidic
-Denature proteins to assist in their absorption
-Break down fats to assist in their chemical digestion
