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Ecology and Evolution > Chapter 25 Species and Macroevolution > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Species and Macroevolution Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 ways to identify a species?

A

Morphology, Reproductive Isolation, Molecular Features (DNA). Ecological factors, evolutionary relationships

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2
Q

What is morphology?

A

physical characteristics

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3
Q

What is reproductuve isolation?

A

Why different species can’t breed with one another

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4
Q

What does Prezygotic mean?

A

Prevent formation of a zygote

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5
Q

What are the five prezygotic forms of reproductive isolation?

A
  1. Habitat
    2.Temporal
    3.Behavioral
    4.Mechanical
    5.Gametic
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6
Q

What are the 3 forms of postzygotic isolation?

A
  1. Hybrid inviabilitiy
  2. Hybrid Sterility
  3. Hybrid Breakdown
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7
Q

What is temporal isolation?

A

different time of year

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8
Q

What is gametic isolation?

A

Sperm and egg can’t combine

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9
Q

What is the biological species concept?

A

a group of individuals whose members can interbreed in nature, but can’t with other species

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10
Q

What is speciation?

A

The formation of a new species

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11
Q

What is speciation caused by?

A

Derived genetic changes

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12
Q

What does there need to be an accumulation of for speciation to occur?

A

genetic changes

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13
Q

What is cladogenesis?

A

The splitting of a population into two or more species

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14
Q

What must be interrupted for cladogenesis to occur?

A

gene flow

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15
Q

What types of speciation come from cladogenesis

A

Allopatric and sympatric

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16
Q

What is allopatric speciation?

A

Speciate apart from each other, more common

17
Q

What location is required for allopatric speciation?

A

A geographic barrier

18
Q

What is unique about the Ensatina salamander?

A

The mother species derived and spread and were seperated by a mountain range and couldn’t breed.

19
Q

What happened when the distant salamander species met again after being divided by the mountain range?

A

They were no longer to interbreed and became two different species.

20
Q

What are the salamanders and example of?

A

A ring species

21
Q

What is polyploidy?

A

Many sets of chromosomes,

22
Q

What is polyploidy common in?

A

Plants

23
Q

What is sexual selection based off of?

A

Favorable traits

24
Q

How do species adapt to their environment?

A

By having qualities that make it easier to survive

25
Q

What is punctuated equilibrium?

A

Gradual evolution, with rapid times of evolutionary change

26
Q

What is evo-devo?

A

How different genes are expressed in the body

27
Q

What is BMP4 and Gremlin cells?

A

Telling cells to die off or survive

28
Q

What is heterochrony?

A

evolutionary changes in the rate of development events

Ecology and Evolution (3 decks)

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