Chapter 2.5 Carbohydrates

Question 1

Carbohydrates

Answer 1

A biological molecule that functions as a quick supply of energy & storage in plants and animals.

Question 2

Glucose

Answer 2

A monosaccharide that is a hexose sugar that is used as an energy source in our bodies.

Question 3

Monasaccharide

Answer 3

A simple carbohydrate with three to seven carbon atoms is called a simple sugar or monosaccharide.

Question 4

Disaccharide

Answer 4

A type of simple carbohydrate that contains two monosaccharides joined by a dehydration reaction.

Question 5

Starch

Answer 5

Storage form of glucose in plants. ( Long chains of glucose and fewer side chains than glycogen)

Question 6

Gylcogen

Answer 6

Storage form of glucose in animals. ( More side chains than starch)

Question 7

Polysaccharides

Answer 7

Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates that are made up of many monomers linked together.

Question 8

Cellulose

Answer 8

A polymer of glucose that is found in plant cell walls and acts as a structural component.

Question 9

Pentose

Answer 9

A 5 carbon sugar. ( monosaccharide)

Question 10

Hexose

Answer 10

6 carbon sugar ( monosaccharide)

Question 11

Dehydration synthesis reaction

Answer 11

The process/reaction by which monomers are joined together to form a polymer. In this type of reaction, water is removed to bring things together.

Question 12

Hydrolysis reaction

Answer 12

A reaction in which polymers are broken down by adding water. ( an -OH and a H atom added from H2O.)

Question 13

Monomers

Answer 13

Simple organic molecules that can exist on their own or be linked with other monomers to form polymers.

Question 14

Polymers

Answer 14

Organic molecules that are made up of monomers.

Question 15

Maltose

Answer 15

A disaccharide that forms from two glucoses.

Question 16

Sucrose

Answer 16

A disaccharide that forms from glucose and fructose.

Question 17

Lactose

Answer 17

A disaccharide that forms from glucose and galactose. (found in milk)