Chapter 25 Flashcards
When did most Latin American countries achieve independence
Early 19th century
In what way did Latin America go against the trend of imperialism during the 19th century?
Latin America cast off previous colonial control through revolution
Why did the creole elites dislike the French Revolution?
Excessively radical
Who was the leader of the slave independence movement on the island of st. Domingue? (Haiti)
Thousand L’overture
Hy did the creole look upon the Haitian independence with horror?
Example of general social upheaval.
What event in 19th century Europe helped precipitate the movements for independence in Latin America?
Forced advocation of royal family of Spain
By what date had all of Spanish South America gained its independence?
1825
What happened to the Portuguese royal family when Napoleon invaded Portugal?
Fled to brazil
How did Brazil’s government differ from other Latin American countries?
Wanted to be a monarchy
How successful were most attempts at creating large states in Latin America?
Failed
What did the centralist theory believe?
Strong national government
What nation replaced Spain prior to 1850 as the dominant economic force in Latin America?
Britain
The United States expressed its attitude toward Latin American independence in 1823 with the insurance of what document?
Monroe doctrine
What was peru’s primary export to Europe between 1850 and 1880?
Fertilizer
To what does “manifest destiny” refer?
Idea of ruling from ocean to ocean
Many liberal politicians in Latin America adopted the philosophy of Auguste Comte, who was a believer in what?
Positivism- through research we solve social problems
What was the agreement following the Mexican-American War in which Mexico ceded about one half of its territory to the United States?
Treaty of Guadalupe
What was the new export crop in brazil that made up over 40% of Brazil’s exports by 1840?
Coffee
What happened to women as a result of the latin American independence movements?
Basically no change
Why did Latin America experience a spurt of economic growth between 1880 and 1920?
Demand for raw materials & tropical crops
What was the result of the immigration of European labor leaders to Argentina?
Increasingly more radical workforce
The spanish-american war which broke out in 1898 centered on what country?
Cuba
In 1902 which United States possession was granted independence?
Cuba
Name four beliefs associated with the concept of modernization or westernization:
- Increase per capital production
- education is key
- increase on social change/improvement
- natural movement toward democracy
Name four descriptions of the politicians who led liberal governments in post-1860 Latin America:
- looked to England,France,u.s =role models
- firm believers in progress, education, free competition
- admired enlightenment movement
Name four political principles would be associated with Latin American liberals:
- rights of individuals
- secular society modeled on u.s
- development of commerce
- literacy & education
Name four beliefs that were shared between Latin America and the west during the 19th century:
- progress
- reform
- private property
- democratic ideas
