Chapter 24 - Particle Physics

Question 1

What is the top number next to an element

Answer 1

nucleon number, protons + neutrons

Question 2

What is the bottom number next to an element

Answer 2

proton number or atomic number

Question 3

Equation for radius of a nucleus

Answer 3

R=r0A^1/3 where r0 is 1.2fm

Question 4

what is a fundamental particle

Answer 4

cannot be split, has no internal structure

Question 5

3 types of fundamental particles

Answer 5

electrons, quarks and neutrinos

Question 6

Describe the hadron family

Answer 6

• affected by strong nuclear force

- e.g. protons, neutrons and mesons

Question 7

describe the lepton family

Answer 7

• not affected by strong nuclear force

- e.g. electrons, neutrinos and muons

Question 8

charge on up and anti up quarks

Answer 8

up: +2/3

anti up: -2/3

Question 9

charge on down and anti down quarks

Answer 9

down: -1/3
anti: 1/3

Question 10

charge on charm

Answer 10

+2/3 (-2/3) for anti

Question 11

charge on strange

Answer 11

-1/3

Question 12

charge on top quark

Answer 12

1/3

Question 13

charge on bottom quark

Answer 13

-1/3

Question 14

what are baryons

Answer 14

hadrons made up of 3 quarks

Question 15

what are mesons

Answer 15

hadrons made up of a quark and an antiquark

Question 16

what happens in beta minus decay

Answer 16

neutron decays into a proton + electron + anti-neutrino

Question 17

what happens in beta plus decay

Answer 17

proton decays into a neutron + positron + anti-neutrino