Chapter 23 Test Flashcards
tending to follow a certain agenda, often a past routine
Agenda Behavior
movements that are irregular, rapid, violent; state of excitement, often troubled
Agitation
a progressive, incurable disease that affects the brain and causes memory loss and eventually death
Alzheimer’s disease
an uneasiness in the mind
Anxiety
rare, severe disorder in which the child withdraws from the world; the cause is not known, and there is no cure
Autism
actions that are caused by a disease or condition
Behavioral symptoms
condition resulting from damage to the central nervous system before, during, or after birth
Cerebral Palsy
disruption in knowledge, memory, awareness, or judgement
Cognitive Impairment
thinking that one’s false thought is real
Delusion
loss of mental functions such as memory, thinking, and reasoning
Dementia
chronic, severe condition that a person develops from various causes, which prevents them from living independently without assistance
Developmental disability
condition in which a person is born with an extra chromosome, causing some level of mental retardation, abnormal features, and often other medical problems; also known as mongolism and trisomy 21 syndrome
Down Syndrome
test of a person’s intelligence (means intelligence quotient)
IQ test
skills people use every day to live, work, and play
Adaptive Skills
condition in which the individual has significantly below-average intelligence and minimal adaptive skills
Mental Retardation
disorder of the nervous system that causes seizures and may also cause a developmental disability
Epilepsy
philosophy of care in which an individual with a developmental disability is educated or trained to participate as fully as possible in all aspects of life, including interaction with their family and community, and to have a satisfying social life
Habilitation plan or model
plan of care that provides special accommodations and sets the priorities of care for the resident; also called an individual habilitation plan
Individual service plan or individual program plan
the creation of an environment for individuals with developmental disabilities that is as close to normal as possible
Normalization
damage to blood vessels that may cause a loss of function in a tissue or organ
Multi-Infarct
seeing or hearing things that are not really there
Hallucination
inability to sleep enough
Insomnia
aimless movement from one place to another
Wandering
to increase to the highest degree
Maximize
Situation later in the day when a resident may become irritable or combative, or tearful and withdrawn
Sundown Syndrome
a method for reaching a desired goal
Technique
confirmation of something
Validation
to face with a challenge
Confront
something that directs the resident’s attention away from something or eases mental confusion
Distraction
Which statement describes a resident in a subacute care unit?
they may have just had surgery and need short-term postsurgical care.
What are adaptive skills?
skills used to communicate with health care personnel.
What is the goal of the habilitation model of caregiving?
to encourage someone with a developmental disability to participate as fully as possible in all aspects of their life.
A child with Autism:
withdraws from the world around them.
Which of these statements about Alzheimer’s disease is true?
Alzheimer’s disease is incurable.
Which of the following symptoms is typical of mid-stage dementia?
Great difficulty making decisions.
Mrs. Walker has dementia and thinks she is living at home and you are her cousin Hilda. What should you do?
Use reality orientation techniques to demonstrate to her that she is in a long term care facility.
Mrs. Henry has moderate dementia and is resisting your attempts to help her with care. What may be the reason she won’t cooperate?
She may be thirsty, hungry, or in pain.
Which of the following techniques is helpful when you are dealing with an agitated resident?
reality orientation
How can you help to prevent a resident from wandering?
divert the resident’s attention by offering meaningful activities.
List 10 services provided at an assisted living facility
- Safe-living environment
- Support services
- three meals a day
- help with medications
- recreational activities
- transportation
- housekeeping
- laundry services
- emergency services
- 24-hour caregivers
- help with personal care
3 types of patients admitted to a sub acute facility?
- just had surgery and need postsurgical care
- complication from surgery
- only needs care for a short period of time, generally less than 30 days
list diseases that cause dementia.
- degenerative diseases of the nervous system, such as Alzheimer’s, Lewy body, Parkinson’s, or Huntington’s
- diseases that affect blood vessels such as stroke or multi-infarct dementia, which is caused by multiple strokes in the brain
- toxic reactions, such as from excessive alcohol or drug use
- nutritional deficiencies, like vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency
- infections that affect the central nervous system , such as AIDS dementia complex or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
- certain types of hydrocephalus (a buildup of fluid in the brain), infections, injuries, or brain tumors
- head injury—- either a single severe head injury or smaller injuries over time, as may happen with boxers
- other illnesses such as kidney, liver, or lung diseases
5 symptoms of Early-Stage of Alzheimers?
- less sparkle
- less initiative and drive
- problems remembering certain words
- short-term memory loss
- personality changes
5 symptoms of Mid-stage Alzheimer’s?
- problems with judgement
- may not recognize familiar people
- repetitive actions
- poor or failing memory of recent pasts
- difficulty with personal care activities
5 symptoms of last stage of Alzheimer’s?
- loss of speech
- loss of appetite
- loss of bladder and bowel control
- unable to communicate
- unable to care for self
6 principles of caring for an alzheimer’s patient:
- Provide guidance and direction
- Discover and use resident’s abilities
- Promote each resident’s dignity
- Comfort and reassure each resident
- Anticipate basic needs
- Enjoy residents and help them enjoy basic life
general techniques for responding to behavior symptoms
- enter a resident’s reality
- know your resident
- know your resources
- communicate with the resident
- motivate the resident
- stop when a resident resists your care
Agitation-9
- make sure that there is no physical problem
- try to divert the residents attention
- give the resident something to do
- try to reduce the noise level
- be kind and loving
- offer a nutritious snack
- make sure the resident is eating enough nutritious foods
- limit caffeine in the resident’s diet by not offering coffee, tea, or chocolate
- allow the person to sleep
Anxiety-6
- be supportive, kind, and gentle
- assure the resident that they are safe
- keep things simple for the resident
- provide quiet rest periods throughout the day
- watch for anything that triggers the resident’s anxiety
- observe the resident’s nutritional intake
Delusion-5
- constantly reassure the patient, even if they seem distracted
- be kind. do not argue with the resident about their thoughts and beliefs, which are very real to them
- help them feel loved and supported
- observe the resident’s nutritional intake
- participate in the resident’s reality
Depression 5
- Let the resident talk about how they feel.
- Encourage the resident to participate in activities, which will help boost their morale.
- Keep things simple, and give only limited choices.
- Have rest periods often throughout the day.
- Encourage good nutritional intake.
Wandering-8
- Put signs on doors, walls , and hallways that help the resident know where they are.
- Divert the residents attention by offering meaningful activities.
- Help the residents to get daily exercise, such as walking or dancing.
- Make sure the resident has identification on them.
- Keep the residents room and hallways free of clutter.
- Offer frequent rest periods.
- Provide proper nutrition, which is important for residents who are often moving.
- Do not argue with a resident who wanders.
Insomnia-5
- offer frequent rest periods throughout the day
- help the resident in a regular exercise program
- be sure the resident is getting proper nutrition
- give back rubs
- play soft, soothing music
Hallucinations-4
- do not argue with the resident
- listen to the resident
- be kind and supportive
- be sure the resident is getting proper nutrition
Toileting: 5 (know 2)
- Always be ready to help residents find bathrooms, and help as needed with toileting.
- Know resident’s individual toileting schedules to predict when they may need your help.
- Help a resident with incontinence products when they need them.
- Communicate slowly and gently with residents while toileting, give them extra time to respond.
- Provide a distraction .
Hydration:3 (know 2)
- Offer residents fluids according to their individual needs.
- Offer fluids when a resident gives verbal cues.
- Don’t ask if the resident is thirsty; just bring a drink and let them drink it.
Eating:9 (know 2)
- Prompt them and give cues to keep eating, chewing, and swallowing as needed.
- Give them time to eat.
- Cut, season, and de-bone their food for them.
- Watch for any trouble using utensils.
- Ensure proper body positioning.
- Peel fruit for them.
- Watch for a resident pouring their drink in their plate. If they do this do not give food and drink at the same time.
- Add a sweetener to give food more appeal if needed.
- If a resident will not sit long enough to eat, offer nutritious finger foods.
dressing:9 (know 2)
- Offer only two outfits and ask the person to choose one.
- Select clothing for the person to wear.
- Simplify dressing by laying clothes out in the order they are put on.
- If a resident resists wearing nonessential clothing like bras, slips, or nylons, do not force them to wear them.
- If they resist in the morning wait until after breakfast.
- If they resist at night, encourage their family to bring in clothing they can wear day or night.
- Always make sure that the resident’s shoes are on the correct feet.
- Always be gentle and patient.
- Use words and gestures to communicate, move slowly, and give the resident time to understand what is happening.
Bathing: 9 (know 2)
- Help them get ready for bathing, such as getting undressed, finding the bathroom, etc.
- Help with shampooing if the resident needs help
- Give directions for washing/drying to make sure a resident does a good job.
- Help the resident undress, get into and out of the shower/bath, and wash and dry
- Encourage residents to bathe themselves in easily reached other areas like their face, chest, and thighs
- Good communication makes helping easier. Use simple one step commands
- Avoid things that may make residents afraid of bathing.
grooming:6 (know 2)
- Be ready to help with any part of grooming
- Simplify the tasks of grooming as needed to encourage self-grooming
- encourage a resident to attend a facility’s morning grooming program
- When a resident stops using supportive appliances all day, -give them to the resident only at beneficial times
- Gently communicate with residents during grooming
- If a resident resists shaving, check for pain, such as razor burn, dry skin, oral problem, earache, or discomfort from other unmet needs.
