Chapter 23 Quiz

Question 1

The UN committee that drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was led by

Answer 1

Eleanor Roosevelt.

Question 2

Which two were outspoken critics of the domestic anticommunist crusade?

Answer 2

Paul Robeson and W. E. B. Du Bois

Question 3

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

Answer 3

George Kennan’s Long Telegram; unveiling of Truman Doctrine; start of Korean War; founding of Warsaw Pact

Question 4

Which of the following was not a contributing factor behind the rise of the Cold War?

Answer 4

Churchill’s call for the construction of a great wall between East and West Germany

Question 5

Which of the following was not a key provision of the 1947 Taft-Hartley Act?

Answer 5

Unions cannot discriminate on the basis of race.

Question 6

Which of the following was not a dramatic feature of the 1948 presidential election?

Answer 6

lively debate between supporters and critics of the Korean War

Question 7

Which of the following was not a step toward racial equality in postwar America?

Answer 7

the defeat of Operation Dixie

Question 8

Who was the person who sent the Long Telegram from Moscow in 1946 that lay the foundation for what became known as the policy of “containment”?

Answer 8

George F. Kennan

Question 9

“Containment,” in the context of post-World War II international diplomacy, referred to the policy by which the United States committed itself to

Answer 9

preventing any further expansion of Soviet power.

Question 10

The Truman Doctrine, in March 1947,

Answer 10

asserted that the United States, as the leader of the “free world,” must take up responsibility for supporting “freedom-loving peoples” wherever communism threatened them.

Question 11

The June 1947 U.S. foreign-policy initiative that envisioned a New Deal for Europe, and pledged billions of dollars to finance European economic recovery was called

Answer 11

the Marshall Plan.

Question 12

In June 1948, when the United States, Britain, and France introduced a separate currency in their zones of control in the city of Berlin, the Soviet Union responded with

Answer 12

the Berlin Blockade.

Question 13

Which was not a development of 1949?

Answer 13

The Soviets formalized their own eastern European alliance, the Warsaw Pact.

Question 14

The 1950 National Security Council manifesto that called for a permanent military build-up to enable the United States to pursue a global crusade against communism, describing the Cold War as an epic struggle between “the idea of freedom” and the “idea of slavery under the grim oligarchy of the Kremlin” was known as

Answer 14

NSC-68.

Question 15

The first hot war of the Cold War, beginning in June 1950, took place in

Answer 15

Korea.

Question 16

Which is not true of the Korean War (1950–1953)?

Answer 16

President Truman acknowledged and accepted General MacArthur’s push toward the Chinese border and his threat to use nuclear weapons against the Chinese.

Question 17

The 1948 United Nations-approved document that called for a range of rights to be enjoyed by people everywhere, including freedom of speech and religion and social and economic entitlements, including the right to an adequate standard of living and access to adequate housing, education, and medical care was called the

Answer 17

Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Question 18

President Harry S. Truman’s program that focused on improving the social safety net and raising the standard of living of ordinary Americans—calling on Congress to increase the middle wage, enact a program of national health insurance, and expand public housing, social security, and aid to education—was called the

Answer 18

Fair Deal.

Question 19

What was the name of the AFL and CIO campaign to bring unionization to the South, by which more than 200 labor organizations entered the region in an effort to organize workers?

Answer 19

Operation Dixie

Question 20

What was the 1947 law that sought to reverse gains made by organized labor in the preceding decade and authorized the president to suspend strikes by ordering an 80-day cooling-off period, banned sympathy strikes and secondary boycotts, outlawed the closed shop, and authorized states to pass “right–to-work” laws?

Answer 20

the Taft-Hartley Act

Question 21

In the context of postwar Civil Rights, what major-league baseball player joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947 and by so doing challenged the longstanding exclusion of black players from major-league baseball?

Answer 21

Jackie Robinson

Question 22

George Kennan was

Answer 22

the originator of the containment policy.

Question 23

The “Dixiecrat” presidential ticket of 1948 was led by

Answer 23

Strom Thurmond.

Question 24

The young California congressman who first gained national prominence through his membership on the House Un-American Activities Committee was

Answer 24

Richard Nixon.

Question 25

In 1949, the containment policy suffered a major setback in the form of the

Answer 25

“loss” of China to communism.

Question 26

In 1950, a serious challenge to the containment policy occurred with the

Answer 26

invasion of South Korea.

Question 27

Anticommunism was used by the U.S. leaders to

Answer 27

a. quash political dissidence.
b. limit organized labor.
c. impose social and sexual morality.

Question 28

The Truman administration responded to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin by

Answer 28

leading efforts to break the blockade by airlifting supplies to the city.