Chapter 23 - Energy & Ecosystems Flashcards

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1
Q

How do autotrophs make their own food

A

absorb light energy –> convert it to chemical energy using the process of photosynthesis –>= glucose provides the cells with energy to survive

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2
Q

Define: biomass

A

the amount of energy trapped in the body of organisms (10%) (used to make more of the organism)

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3
Q

10% is biomass. what is the 90% of energy gained used for

A

life processes eg muscle movement, respiration, wastes or heat

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4
Q

how is biomass measured

A

dry weight per unit of area

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5
Q

Explain: Efficiency of photosynthesis

A

measured by percentage of light that falls on them that is converted into glucose
about 1%
the rest is reflected away,moves through the leaf, not absorbed by chlorophyll
energy is also lost during respiration, heat energy

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6
Q

Explain 2 steps of: efficiency of consumers

A
  1. how much of the available producer biomass is consumed
  2. how much of what they consume is converted into living matter

MUCH IS LOST AS HEAT

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7
Q

Explain: Productivity of a community

A

measured by the amount of biomass produced per year
to compare the efficiency of different communities = productivity is calculated as mass per hectare per year
based on performance of produces –> the rate at which energy from sunlight is used in photosynthesis to produce organic matter

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8
Q

Explain primary productivity

A

the production of biomass resulting from photosynthesis
highest in areas which receive high levels of light energy eg the tropics
can be increased when limiting factors are increased (eg fertiliser)

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9
Q

What does eutrophic mean and what does it do

A

high nutrient levels
enables increased growth of producers
EG ALGAL BLOOM –> depletes oxygen –> dead organisms

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10
Q

Explain greenhouse effect

Explain the bad effect of FF

A

is GOOD
influences temperature of the earth
suns heat energy enters the earths atmosphere more easily than it can leave
trapping of some of the suns energy –> warms the earth –> LIFE

burning of fossil fuels –> release CO2 –> thickening atmosphere –> climate change (traps heat) –> warming of global temp.

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