Chapter 23 - Digestive Flashcards
The two groups of organs in the digestive system?
Alimentary canal & accessory digestive organs
Function of the alimentary canal?
Digests & absorbs food
Accessory digestive organs
Teeth, tongue, gallbladder
Accessory digestive glands
salivary glands, liver, pancreas
What do accessory digestive glands do
Secrete enzymes into tube to help during absorption & digestion
What is peritoneum
Serous membrane of abdominal cavity
What are the peritoneum layers
Visceral peritoneum, peritoneal cavity, parietal peritoneum
What is mesentary? Its purpose?
Fat blanket wrapped around intestines to prevent them from tangling
What are peritoneal organs surrounded by?
peritoneum
What does retroperitoneal mean
Behind peritoneum
Name some retroperitoneal organs
Kidneys, part of duodenum, part of pancreas
Name blood supply arteries
Hepatic, splenic, left gastric
Inferior & superior mesenteric
When you combine all blood supply arteries they are called
Hepatic portal system
What does the hepatic portal system do
Helps take food parts to the liver
4 layers of the alimentary canal
Mucosa- simple columnar epi.
Submucosa- CT with ‘landmarks’
Smooth muscle- peristalsis, involuntary, sometimes a double layer
Serosa- ‘serran wrap’ that holds it in place
What does the mucosa layer do
secretes mucus, enzymes, hormones & absorbs products
Long ANS fibers synapse with
enteric plexuses [ducts]
What do sympathetic impulses do
inhibit secretion/motility
What do parasympathetic impulses do
impulses the stimulate
The mouth is also known as the ____ cavity
buccal
What is the attachment of each lip to the gum called
labial frenulum
The hard palate consists of
maxilla & palatine bones
The soft palate consists of
fold of skeletal muscle; uvula projects down
Tongue’s function
forms food bolus, swallowing is pt. vountary pt. involuntary
The surface of the tongue has
papillae
White part of tongue that makes it rough/provides friction
filiform
Red part scattered all over tongue
fungiform
V shaped part on back of the tongue
vallate
This part is on the sides of the tongue & is for food texture determination
Foliate
What enzymes in the saliva begin starch breakdown?
amylase [salivary]
What does amylase do?
Begins carb breakdown by turning polysaccharides into disaccharides & smaller polysaccharides
