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Science 7th Grade > Chapter 23 Circulation and Respiration -- use this deck > Flashcards

Chapter 23 Circulation and Respiration -- use this deck Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

a collection of organs that transport blood throughout the body

A

cardiovascular system

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2
Q

the 2 upper chambers of the heart

A

atria (singular is atrium)

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3
Q

the 2 lower chambers of the heart

A

ventricles (singular is ventricle)

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4
Q

a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the body’s organs

A

artery

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5
Q

a tiny vessel that allows an exchange between blood and cells in other tissue

A

capillary

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6
Q

in biology, a vessel that carries blood to the heart

A

vein

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7
Q

the flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart through the pulmonary arteries, capillaries, and veins

A

pulmonary circulation

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8
Q

the flow of blood from the heart to all parts of the body and back to the heart

A

systemic circulation

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9
Q

Why is atherosclerosis dangerous?

A

Atherosclerosis happens when cholesterol builds up inside of blood vessels. This buildup causes the blood vessel to become narrower and less elastic. When an artery that supplies blood to the heart becomes blocked, the person may have a heart attack.

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10
Q

abnormally high blood pressure

A

hypertension

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11
Q

when a blood vessel in the brain becomes clogged or ruptures causing a part of the brain to receive no oxygen and those brain cells die

A

stroke

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12
Q

when a blood vessel in the heart becomes clogged causing a part of the heart to receive no oxygen and those heart cells die

A

heart attack

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13
Q

when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs

A

heart failure

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14
Q

the fluid that carries gases, nutrients, and wastes through the body and that is made up of plasma, red cells, platelets, and white cells

A

blood

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15
Q

cells which take oxygen to every cell in your body

A

red blood cells

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16
Q

an oxygen carrying protein found in red blood cells

A

hemoglobin

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17
Q

pieces of larger cells that clump together in a damaged area that is bleeding to help form a clot

A

platelets

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18
Q

microscopic particles such as bacteria and viruses that make you sick

A

pathogens

19
Q

chemicals released by white blood cells that identify and destroy pathogens

A

antibodies

20
Q

the force that blood exerts in the walls of the arteries

A

blood pressure

21
Q

the pressure inside large arteries when the ventricles contract (the top number in a blood pressure)

A

systolic pressure

22
Q

the pressure inside arteries when the ventricles relax (the bottom number in a blood pressure)

A

diastolic pressure

23
Q

universal donor

A

type O blood

24
Q

injection of blood or blood components into a person to replace blood that has been lost because of surgery or injury

A

transfusion

25
Q

a collection of organs whose primary function is to collect extracellular fluid and return it to the blood

A

lymphatic system

26
Q

the fluid that is collected by the lymphatic vessels and nodes

A

lymph

27
Q

an organ that filters lymph and that is found along the lymphatic vessels

A

lymph node

28
Q

that main gland of the lymphatic system; it produces mature T lymphocytes

A

thymus

29
Q

the soft tissue inside of bones

A

bone marrow

30
Q

type of white blood cell that helps your body fight pathogens

A

lymphocytes

31
Q

type of lymphocyte that surround and destroy pathogens

A

killer T cells

32
Q

type of lymphocytes that produce antibodies that attach to pathogens

A

B cells

33
Q

the largest lymphatic organ in the body

A

spleen

34
Q

small, rounded masses of lymphatic tissue located in the pharynx and in the passage from the mouth to the pharynx

A

tonsils

35
Q

the part of the spleen that helps to fight infections

A

white pulp

36
Q

the part of the spleen that removes unwanted material – such as defective red blood cells – from the blood

A

red pulp

37
Q

the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between living cells and their environment; includes breathing and cellular respiration

A

respiration

38
Q

a collection of organs whose primary function is to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide

A

respiratory system

39
Q

the passage from the mouth to the larynx and esophagus

A

pharynx

40
Q

the area of the throat that contains the vocal cords and produces vocal sounds

A

larynx

41
Q

the tube that connects the larynx to the lungs

A

trachea

42
Q

one of the two tubes that connect the lungs with the trachea

A

bronchus

43
Q

any of the tiny air sacs of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

A

alveoli

44
Q

the dome shaped muscle beneath the lungs which helps you breathe

A

diaphragm

Science 7th Grade (4 decks)

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