Chapter 22 Lymphatic system Flashcards
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
drain interstitial fluid, transport dietary lipids absorbed by the GI tract, facilitate immune response
What components make up the lymphatic system?
lymphatic capillaries, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, lymphatic trunks, lymphatic ducts, thymus, bone marrow, spleen, tonsils, lymph nodes and thoracic ducts
What is the difference between lymph and plasma
plasma carries proteins, lymph does not
What drives lymph movement into the lymphatic capillaries
lymph fluid is the fluid that is remaining in the interstitial fluid and is driving into the lymphatic system via hydrostatic pressure
List the order of the lymphatic pathway beginning with the lymphatic capillaries and ending with the emptying into the subclavian veins.
lymphatic capillaries, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, lymphatic trunks, collecting ducts and subclavian veins
List the two collecting ducts and where they empty.
Right lymphatic duct empties into the right subclavian. Thoracic duct empties into the left subclavian.
Of the collecting ducts, which one is longer and larger?
thoracic duct
Describe a lymphatic capillary and a lymphatic vein.
Lymphatic capillaries are a bit larger than blood capillaries and have a unique one-way structure. Lymphatic vessels resemble blood veins in structure but have thinner walls and more valves.
How are lymphatic veins similar to cardiovascular veins?
they have vessels and require assistance to push lymph throughout the system
Explain the obstruction of movement of lymph
Lymphatic fluid is moved by pressure in the interstitial space and the milking action of the skeletal muscle contraction and respiratory movements. An obstruction or malfunction of lymph flow leads to edema.
List the primary lymph organs
red bone marrow and thymus
What does immunocompetent mean?
the stem cell is capable of mounting an immune response
List the secondary lymphatic organs
spleen, lymph nodes and tonsils
What is/are the main function(s) of the thymus
the maturation and education of T-cells
What happens to the thymus when one ages
it shrinks
what is the function of the lymph node
filters lymph
What is the function of the red pulp of the spleen? White pulp?
The spleen filters blood. The red pulp stores platelets and old RBC’s are destroyed. The white pulp consists of WBC’s that carry out immune function.
Differentiate between innate (non-specific) and adaptive (specific) defenses.
The innate defense is non-specific and non-adaptive and is present at birth. The adaptive immunity defense is the ability of the body to adapt defenses against the antigens of specific bacteria, virus, foreign tissues, even toxins.
List the 5 steps of phagocytosis
chemotaxis, adherence, ingestion, digestion and killing
How does fever contribute to the non-specific (innate) response
speeds up body reactions, increases the effects of endogenous antimicrobials, sequesters nutrients from microbes
What is inflammation
defensive response of almost all body tissues to damage of any kind
What are the 4 characteristic signs of inflammation
redness, pain, heat and swelling
What are the three stages of inflammation
vasodilation, emigration, tissue repair
What is the difference between antigens and antibodies
Antigens are substances that provoke an immune response in the body, they are foreign to the body. Antibodies are produced to “mark” the antigen for destruction
