Chapter 22 Ethics & Values

Question 0

Values

Answer 0

Personal beliefs about the worth of a given idea, attitude, custom, or object that set standards that influence behavior.

Question 1

Ethics

Answer 1

The study of conduct and character. It’s concerned with determining what is good or valuable for individuals and society at large

Question 2

Define Autonomy

Answer 2

Commitment to include patients in decisions “supporting their decisions”

Question 3

Beneficence

Answer 3

Taking positive actions to help others

Question 4

Nonmaleficence

Answer 4

Avoidance of harm or hurt

Question 5

Justice

Answer 5

Being fair

Question 6

Fidelity

Answer 6

Agreement to keep promises

Question 7

Professional nursing code of ethics

Answer 7

A set if guiding principles that all members of profession accept
Helps professional groups settle questions about practice or behavior

Question 8

Professional code of ethics includes

Answer 8

Advocacy, responsibility, accountability, and confidentiality

Question 9

Define advocacy

Answer 9

Supporting a cause. Advocate for health, safety, and rights of patients.

Question 10

Responsibility

Answer 10

Willingness to respect ones professional obligations and follow through on promises. Responsible for your actions

Question 11

Accountability

Answer 11

Ability to answer for ones actions

Question 12

Confidentiality

Answer 12

Rights and privileges of patients for protection of privacy

Question 13

How to process an ethical dilemma

Answer 13

Step1: ask if this is an ethical dilemma

2: gather all relevant information
3: clarify values
4: verbalize the problem
5: identify possible course of action
6: negotiate a plan
7: evaluate the plan

Question 14

Institutional resources

Answer 14

Ethics committees are usual multidisciplinary and serve several purposes: education, policy recommendation, and cause consultation
Any person involved in an ethical dilemma, including nurses, physicians, health care providers, patients and family members, can request access to an ethics committee.

Question 15

Issues in health care ethics: Quality of Life

Answer 15

Central to discussions about end of life care, cancer therapy, physician assisted suicide and DNR

Question 16

Issues in health care ethics: Genetic Screening

Answer 16

What are the risks and benefits to individuals and to society of learning about the presence of a disease that had not yet caused symptoms or for which a cure is not yet available

Question 17

Issues in health care ethics: Care At The End Of Life

Answer 17

Interventions unlikely to produce benefit for the patient

Question 18

Issues in health care ethics: Access To Care

Answer 18

As a nurse, you certainly deal with ethical issues related to access to care

Question 19

Ethics and Access to Care

Answer 19

• The number of uninsured in the United States grew from 39millions people in 2000 to more than 46.3millions people by 2008 more than 15% of population
• Many uninsured are women and children
• although 2/3 of the undisputed are poor, 80% are working families

Question 20

Nurses collaborate with other professionals

Answer 20

Consensus building: an act of discovery in which “collective wisdom” guides a group to the best decision
- a nurses point of view offers a unique voice in the resolution of ethical dilemmas

Question 21

Culturally Competent Care: End of Life Decisions

Answer 21

• Acknowledge of and respect for cultural differences
• Willingness to negotiate and compromise when world views differ
• Being aware of ones own values and biases
• Using communication skills that enhance empathy
• Knowing cultural practices of patient groups regularly seen
• understanding that all patients are individuals who may not share the same views as other within their own ethic group

Question 22

Moral distress

Answer 22

Describes the anguish experienced when a person feels unable to act according to closely held core values

Question 23

Define Depntology

Answer 23

Defines actions as right or wrong

Question 24

Utilitarian

Answer 24

Proposes that the value of something is determined by its usefulness

Question 25

Feminist Ethics

Answer 25

Focuses on the inequality between people

Question 26

Ethics of care

Answer 26

Emphasizes the importance of understanding relationships, especially as they are revealed in personal narratives

Question 27

The ANA Code Of Ethics

Answer 27

The nurse, in all professional relationships, practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity worth and uniqueness
The profession of nursing as represented by association and their members is responsible for articulating nursing values

Question 28

consequentialism

Answer 28

proposes that the value of something is determined by its usefulness