Chapter 22: Ethics and Values

Question 1

autonomy

Answer 1

commitment to include patients in decisions about care

Question 2

beneficence

Answer 2

the best interests of the patient remain more important than self-interest

Question 3

nonmaleficence

Answer 3

avoidance of harm or hurt

Question 4

justice

Answer 4

the agreement to keep promises and the willingness to abandon patients

Question 5

fidelity

Answer 5

fairness

Question 6

advocacy

Answer 6

application of one’s skills and knowledge for the benefit of others

Question 7

responsibility

Answer 7

willingness to respect one’s professional obligations and to follow through

Question 8

accountability

Answer 8

answering for one’s own actions

Question 9

confidentiality

Answer 9

obligation to respect patient privacy

Question 10

value

Answer 10

a deeply held belief about the worth of an idea, attitude, custom, or object that affects choices and behaviors

Question 11

values clarification

Answer 11

the need to distinguish among value, facet, and opinion

Question 12

Deontology

Answer 12

a system of ethics that defines actions as right or wrong based on their “right-making characteristics”

does not look at consequences

Question 13

utilitarianism

Answer 13

value of something is determined by its usefulness

main emphasis is on outcomes/consequences

Question 14

ethics of care

Answer 14

focuses on understanding relationships, especially personal narratives

Question 15

casuistry

Answer 15

turns away from conventional principles of ethics as a way to determine best actions and focuses instead on the details of a situation

Question 16

What are the three major functions of an ethics committee?

Answer 16

1. Provide clinical ethics consultation
2. develop/revise policies pertaining to clinical ethics and hospital policy.
3. facilitate education w/ issues