Chapter 22, Causes and effects of changed managing change

Question 1

Internal Change

Answer 1

• Objectives change as growth occurs or external factors change
• Personal
• Skill levels (low number of graduates)
• Finances, new legislation and interest rates
• Innovation

Question 2

External Change

Answer 2

• Globalisation
• Environment
• Technology
• Customer base
• Economy
• Competition
• Government

Question 3

Management of Change methods

Answer 3

• Lewins 3-step change management model
• Mckinsey’s 7-S model
• Kotter’s 8-step change model

Question 4

Lewins 3-step change management model

Answer 4

Basic model of putting change management into operation through three steps

• Unfreeze: removes inertia
• Transition: new ideas are development potentially causing confusion
• Freeze: new processes are reinforced

Question 5

McKinsey’s 7-S Model

Answer 5

assess internal change by identifying where there is a need for change. The 7-S model consists of

• Strategy
• Skills
• Structure
• Style
• Systems
• Staff
• Overall goal of shared values

Question 6

Kotter’s 8-Step change model

Answer 6

helps to understand and manage change through these 8 steps

1. Increase urgency of change
2. Build the team for change
3. Have a vision
4. Communicate
5. Empower action
6. Create short-term wins
7. Don’t let up
8. Make the change stick

Question 7

ACAS

Answer 7

Advisory Conciliation and Arbitration Service

called if a stalemate has been reached between employees and employers in order to mediate and find common ground

Question 8

Conciliation

Answer 8

the act of bringing parties together within an independent conciliator to find common ground