Chapter #22

Question 0

It is a generally accepted business principle that the management process includes 4 functions.

Answer 0

Planning
Organizing
Leading
Controlling

Question 1

____ is the act of influencing, controlling, monitoring, or directing a project, program, situation, or organization through the use of authority, discipline, or persuasion.

Answer 1

Managing

Question 2

The company officer should be aware of the negative results the following actions can have on employees and the unit.

Answer 2

– Micromanage
– Be vague about the employees role in the unit and organization
– Permit employees to compete in an unfriendly manner
– Permit employees to criticize each other

Question 3

Historically ____ has been known as the number of employees supervised by one supervisor. Although there has never been a definitive study to determine what exactly the perfect ____ is, the fire emergency services have considered it to be ____ to ____ subordinates, with ___ being optimum.

Answer 3

Span of control
Span of control
3 to 7
5

Question 4

Most advocates of the contemporary management theory suggests that a higher span of control, ratios ranging from ____ to ____ subordinates per supervisor, is Advantageous. Theory also suggest that there should be no more then ____ organizational levels in any organization.

Answer 4

15 to 20

5

Question 5

The ICS model is based on a span of control ratio of one supervisor to ____ subordinates or functions.

Answer 5

5

Question 6

The prospect of change causes people to go through the following four change process stages;

Answer 6

Denial
Resistance
Exploration
Commitment

Question 7

Business analyst have determined that resistance to change can be overcome by the following 7 basic steps.

Answer 7

– Create a climate for change
– Plan for change
– Communicate advantages and effects of change
– Meet the needs of both the organization and employees
– Involve employees in the change process
– Provide support for employees during change
– Seek the input and support of “opinion leaders” in the organization

Question 8

A ____ is a person who leads a change project or initiative by defining, researching, planning, building support, and carefully selecting members of a change team.

Answer 8

Change agent

Question 9

A ____ must possess three qualities attitude, knowledge, and skills that can ensure the success of the project.

Answer 9

Change agent

Question 10

Many change implementation models have been developed. One model that has been available in the private sector since the 1950s is the Lewin change model, which consists of the three following phases.

Answer 10

Unfreezing
Moving
Refreezing

Question 11

A new model for change has been created to facilitate most forms of change facing an organization; it is based on the following five steps.

Answer 11

Recognize the need for change
Identify resistance and overcome it
Plan to change interventions
Implement the change
Control the change

Question 12

John Kotter, an organizational researcher, determined in the 1990s that there are eight reasons to change process fail. They are

Answer 12

The change is too complex
The change process lacks universal support
Lack of clear vision and not understanding the importance of having one
The failure to communicate the vision to the organization
Allow barriers to be placed in the way of the vision and change process
Not planning for and recognizing the short-term results
Declaring completion of the change process prematurely
Failure to make the change in permanent part of the organizations culture