Chapter 22 Flashcards
A 25-year-old man overdosed on heroin and is unresponsive. His breathing is slow and shallow and he is bradycardic. He has track marks on both arms. The EMT should:
administer naloxone via the intranasal route.
insert a nasal airway and ventilate with a bag-mask device.
position the patient on his side and transport without delay.
administer naloxone via the intramuscular route.
“insert a nasal airway and ventilate with a bag-mask device”
A 3-year-old female ingested several leaves from a plant in the living room. The child’s mother is not sure what type of plant it is, stating that she bought it simply because it was pretty. After completing your primary assessment of the child, you should:
administer 25 g of activated charcoal.
induce vomiting with syrup of ipecac.
contact the regional poison control center.
immediately transport the child to the hospital.
“contact the regional poison control center”
A 49-year-old male presents with confusion, sweating, and visual hallucinations. The patient’s wife tells you that he is a heavy drinker and that he might have had a seizure shortly before your arrival. This patient is most likely experiencing:
acute hypovolemia.
alcohol intoxication.
acute schizophrenia.
delirium tremens.
“delirium tremens”
A construction worker complains of intense pain after a bag of dry powder was spilled on his arm. The EMT should:
cover the exposed area with a sterile dressing and elevate his arm.
brush the chemical from his arm and cover it with a sterile dressing.
immediately flush the skin with clean water for 15 to 20 minutes.
brush the chemical from his arm and then flush the skin with water.
“brush the chemical from his arm and then flush the skin with water”
A hypnotic drug is one that:
induces sleep.
prevents amnesia.
increases the pulse.
increases the senses.
“induces sleep”
Airborne substances should be diluted with:
oxygen.
syrup of ipecac.
activated charcoal.
an alkaline antidote.
“oxygen”
An EMT’s primary responsibility to the patient who has been poisoned is to:
administer the appropriate antidote.
recognize that a poisoning occurred.
administer 25 g of activated charcoal.
contact poison control immediately.
“recognize that a poisoning occurred”
An overdose of acetaminophen, the active ingredient in Tylenol, will most likely cause:
liver damage and failure.
bleeding gastric ulcers.
acute kidney failure.
central nervous system depression.
“liver damage and failure”
A person who routinely misuses a substance and requires increasing amounts to achieve the same effect is experiencing:
addiction.
dependence.
withdrawal.
tolerance.
“tolerance”
As you enter the residence of a patient who has possibly overdosed, you should:
be alert for personal hazards.
look for drug paraphernalia.
observe the scene for drug bottles.
quickly gain access to the patient.
“be alert for personal hazards”
During your assessment of a 50-year-old male who was found unresponsive in an alley, you note that he has slow, shallow respirations; bradycardia; facial cyanosis; and pinpoint pupils. As your partner begins assisting the patient’s ventilations, he directs your attention to the patient’s arms, which have multiple needle tracks on them. Which of the following would most likely explain the patient’s presentation?
Heroin overdose
Alcohol intoxication
Closed-head injury
Delirium tremens
“Heroin overdose”
EMTs are dispatched for a teenage male who is ‘not acting right.’ When they arrive, they are informed that the patient was huffing. Several cans of Freon are found near the patient. Which of the following is a unique consideration for this patient?
The pulse oximeter will yield a falsely elevated reading.
A sudden adrenaline release can cause a fatal dysrhythmia.
Oxygen will not increase the patient’s oxygen saturation.
Encouraging walking will help eliminate Freon from the body.
“A sudden adrenaline release can cause a fatal dysrhythmia”
Hypotension, hypoventilation, and pinpoint pupils would be expected following an overdose of:
ecstasy.
oxycodone (Percocet).
amphetamine sulfate (Benzedrine).
crack cocaine.
“oxycodone (Percocet)”
Naloxone (Narcan) would reverse the effects of:
diazepam (Valium).
temazepam (Restoril).
phenobarbital (Luminal).
hydromorphone (Dilaudid).
“hydromorphone (Dilaudid)”
What type of poisoning will cause burns around the mouth in children?
Plant poisoning.
Injected poison.
Alkaline poison.
Inhaled poison.
“Alkaline poison”
