Chapter 12 Flashcards
A 31-year-old female is experiencing an acute asthma attack. She is conscious and alert, but in obvious respiratory distress. After assisting her with her prescribed MDI, you should:
- check the drug’s expiration date to ensure that it is still current.
- contact medical control and apprise him or her of what you did.
- administer another treatment in 30 seconds if she is still in distress.
- reassess the patient and document her response to the medication.
reassess the patient and document her response to the medication.
After taking diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for an allergic reaction, a person begins experiencing drowsiness and a dry mouth. These findings are an example of a(n):
- untoward effect.
- unpredictable effect.
- therapeutic effect.
- adverse effect.
adverse effect.
A medication with antagonistic properties is one that:
- produces a cumulative effect when mixed with the same type of medication.
- enhances the effects of another medication when given in a higher dose.
- blocks receptor sites and prevents other chemicals from attaching to them.
- stimulates receptor sites and allows other chemicals to attach to them.
blocks receptor sites and prevents other chemicals from attaching to them.
Aspirin is beneficial to patients suspected of having a heart attack because it:
- dissolves the coronary artery clot.
- reduces the associated chest pain.
- causes direct coronary vasodilation.
- prevents the aggregation of platelets.
prevents the aggregation of platelets.
EMTs arrive at the scene of a patient who was ‘found down.’ A family member states that she gave naloxone (Narcan) to the patient before the ambulance arrived. The EMTs should suspect that the patient:
- has a low blood glucose level.
- experienced a prolonged seizure.
- overdosed on an opioid drug.
- has a history of allergic reactions.
overdosed on an opioid drug.
How is nitroglycerin usually given by the EMT?
- Sublingually
- Inhaled
- Injected
- Orally
Sublingually
The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream is called:
- suspension.
- adsorption.
- absorption.
- digestion.
absorption.
What medication form does oral glucose come in?
- Liquid
- Gel
- Suspension
- Fine powder
Gel
When administering naloxone (Narcan) via the intranasal route, the EMT should administer:
- a half dose into each nostril.
- a minimum of 2.5 mg.
- at least 2 mL into each nostril.
- a maximum of 0.5 mL.
a half dose into each nostril.
When assessing an elderly male who complains of nausea and generalized weakness, you find that he takes atorvastatin (Lipitor) and amlodipine (Norvasc). These medications suggest a history of:
- cardiovascular disease.
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
- reactive airway disease.
- bacterial infection.
cardiovascular disease.
Which of the following clinical signs would necessitate the administration of naloxone (Narcan) in a suspected narcotic overdose?
- Extreme agitation
- Hypertension
- Tachycardia
- Slow respirations
Slow respirations
Which of the following is an example of a rules-based medication error?
- The EMT administers the correct drug, but gives it by the wrong route.
- The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director.
- The EMT administers a drug that is contraindicated for the patient.
- The EMT accidentally gives a higher drug dose than what is indicated.
The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epinephrine?
- Decreases heart rate and blood pressure
- Constricts the blood vessels
- Dilates passages in the lungs
- Secreted naturally by the adrenal glands
Decreases heart rate and blood pressure
Which of the following is the MOST rapidly acting medication administration route?
- Intravenous (IV)
- Subcutaneous (SC)
- Intramuscular (IM)
- Sublingual (SL)
Intravenous (IV)
Which of the following medication routes delivers a drug through the skin over an extended period of time, such as a nitroglycerin or fentanyl patch?
- Subcutaneous
- Intraosseous
- Sublingual
- Transcutaneous
Transcutaneous
Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct?
- Glucose is a complex sugar that rapidly absorbs into the bloodstream.
- Glucose is a simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the cells.
- Glucose is usually administered by the EMT via the intravenous route.
- Glucose is given to patients who are suspected of being hyperglycemic.
Glucose is a simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the cells.
Which of the following statements regarding the epinephrine auto-injector is correct?
- EMTs do not need physician authorization to use the auto-injector.
- The epinephrine auto-injector delivers a preset amount of the drug.
- The adult auto-injector delivers 0.5 to 1 mg of epinephrine.
- The auto-injector delivers epinephrine via the subcutaneous route.
The epinephrine auto-injector delivers a preset amount of the drug.
Which of the following statements regarding the metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is correct?
- An MDI delivers the same amount of medication every time it is used.
- MDIs are contraindicated for patients with asthma or emphysema.
- MDIs are most commonly used by patients with cardiovascular disease.
- Shaking an MDI prior to use will cause deactivation of the medication.
An MDI delivers the same amount of medication every time it is used.
You are dispatched to a movie theater for a 39-year-old female with signs and symptoms of a severe allergic reaction. As you are assessing her, she pulls an epinephrine auto-injector out of her purse and hands it to you. After confirming the drug’s name and expiration date, you should:
- administer the drug.
- request an ALS ambulance to administer the drug.
- contact medical control.
- ask her if she takes other medications.
contact medical control.
You are treating a middle-aged man with chest discomfort. He has a history of three previous heart attacks and takes nitroglycerin as needed for chest pain. You have standing orders to administer aspirin to patients with suspected cardiac-related chest pain or discomfort. While your partner is preparing to give oxygen to the patient, you should:
- assist the patient in taking one of his prescribed nitroglycerins, assess his vital signs, and give him aspirin if he is still experiencing chest discomfort.
- contact medical control, apprise him or her of the patient’s chief complaint and vital signs, and request permission to give him aspirin.
- confirm that the patient is not allergic to aspirin, give him the appropriate dose of aspirin, and document the time and dose given.
- ensure that the patient’s systolic blood pressure is at least 100 mm Hg because aspirin dilates the blood vessels and can cause a drop in blood pressure.
confirm that the patient is not allergic to aspirin, give him the appropriate dose of aspirin, and document the time and dose given.
