chapter 2.2 Flashcards
What are hate crimes?
criminal offence committed against a person or property intended to intimidate or harm person or the group they belong to
name a few things hate crimes can be based on dont worry about naming them all
race, gender, religion, sexuality, age, disability, class, gender orientation/identify, political standpoint, perceived mental or physical disability
Have hate crimes increased
yes especially with the use of social media and asian hate during covid
if a murder is committed and you are apart of a criminal organization what would you be charged with
1st degree murder
how many people need to be apart of a criminal organization to receive that title
3 or more
occupational crimes are also known as
organizational crime
corporate crime
white collar crime
white collar crime
what is the difference between corporate crimes (organization crimes) and white collar crimes
corporate crimes benefit organization by increasing profit at expense of competitors or cutting corners while white collar crime benefit the individual
What are crimes against humanity
violent act and persecution of civilian population that are apart of a systematic attack (rape, tortue, enslavement, genocide)
what is anti social behaviour? 3 types?
disruptive behaviour that reduces quality of life but may not be considered criminal acts
personal and relate to individual or group (aggression, public drinking, prostitution)
nuisance neighbours (rowdy, harassment, pet off leash)
environmental condition (littering, vandalism, illegal dumping)
Which province has highest homicide rate
Saskatchewan
province w/ lowest homicide rate?
Quebec
How do you calculate crime rate
(# of offences x 100,000)/population
4 limitation of relying on crime rate
misrepresentation by grouping offence together (minor or serious) together to make a single measurement
weighing all crime the same
based on offence reported to police and published in uniform crime report
doesn’t account for dark figures since not reported
What does the CSI measure? How?
volume and seriousness of crimes reported to police and published in UCR. weigh different crimes based on severity to better reflect
how is the weight of each crime determine
based on average sentence imposed
Which province has the highest CSI? Which province has the lowest CSI?
Saskatchewan. PEI
What affects crime rate (makes it look like it happens more often)
Report sensitive: ppl more likely to report offence (sex crimes, impaired driving)
Police sensitive: crack down on crimes (especially during holiday)
Technology sensitive: capture more offences (speed cameras, breathalyzer)
Legislative sensitive: changing of laws (cannabis, sexting)
How often is victimization survey? What is it? What is the age min? how does this act as a limitation?
Every 5 years for 15 and above with questions about victimization within the previous year.
Does not account for previous 3/4 years
What is the most reported offence?
theft under $5000
Least reported offence
Sexual assault
What crime overwhelmingly affects young people, but rarely comes to the attention of the police?
Cyber bullying, girls are more at risk than boys.
1 reason people do not report crime
police wouldn’t consider it important enough
2nd not enough evidence
third popo cant do anything about it
What age is most at risk for victimization
18-24
What gender is most at risk for victimization
male
What relationship status is most at risk for victimization
single - most likely someone you know
What residence status is most at risk for victimization
Renters
What group membership is most at risk for victimization
minorities and homeless
What occupation is most at risk for victimization
health care employee and pharmacuticals
What season are you at risk for victimization
Summer
What province is most at risk for victimization
saskatchewan
What group is most likely to commit crimes
18-24
what is a self report survey? what does it provide insight to?
respondents asked if the have engage in crimes or antisocial behaviour and whether or not they have been caught
- when individuals start committing offences
- type of offences committed
3.whether crime differs by gender, race, social status, and age
