Chapter 21 Pharmacology Flashcards
Pharmacodynamics:
study of a drug’s effects in the body
Pharmacokinetics:
study of a drug’s absorption, distribution into body compartments, metabolism, and excretion over a period
Chemical name:
exact chemical makeup
Generic name:
legal and scientific name
Brand name:
trademark of drug manufacturer
FDA:
Food and Drug Administration
USP:
United States Pharmacopeia
PDR:
Physicians’ Desk Reference
Administration of Drugs:
Oral-(PO) Sublingual-SL Rectal-R Parenteral: Intracavitary injection Intradermal injection (ID) Intramuscular injection (IM) Intrathecal injection-think spinal Intravenous injection-IV Subcutaneous injection (SC) Inhalation Topical
Receptor:
target of drug
Action and interaction of drugs in the body:
Combination of two drugs
Additive action-1+1=2
Antagonistic-works against
Synergistic-1+1=3 (potentiation)
Other action of drugs; Tolerance and Addiction:
Tolerance-waning action over time
Addiction-pt is physically or psychologically in need of the drug
Drug toxicity:
Unwanted and potentially dangerous effects of drugs
Iatrogenic (produced by treatment-hair loss)
Side effects
Dangerous and ill-advised usw-pregnancy
Resistance
Classes of Drugs:
Analgesics Anesthetics Antibiotics and antivirals Anticoagulants Anticonvulsants Antidepressants Antidiabetics Antihistamines Antiosteoporosis Cardiovascular Endocrine Gastrointestinal Respiratory Sedative-hypnotics Stimulants Tranquilizers
Cardiovascular:
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
Antiarrhythmics
Beta-blockers
Calcium antagonists or calcium channel blockers
Cholesterol-lowering drugs
Diuretics
Endocrine Drugs:
Androgens Antiandrogens Estrogens Antiestrogen Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) Progestins Thyroid hormone Glucocorticoids
Gastrointestinal Drugs:
Antacids Antiulcer (e.g., histamine receptor blockers) Antidiarrheal Cathartics (laxatives or purgatives) Antinauseants (antiemetics)
aer/o
air
