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Modern World History > Chapter 21 - Imperialism > Flashcards

Chapter 21 - Imperialism Flashcards

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1
Q

The belief that race determines traits and capabilities.

A

Racism

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2
Q

Significance of the white mans burden.

A

Justification for going to Africa. Europeans wanted to “civilize” primitive people.

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3
Q

Britain found a new colony _________ also called “city of the lion”.

A

Singapore

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4
Q

A political unit that depends on another government for its protection.

A

Protectorate.

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5
Q

Was the colonization of Burma (Myanmar) a good or bad thing?

A

Bad! The Burmese monarchy fell and Britain established control over the entire country!

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6
Q

What was the only country in south east Asia that was free and why?
Bonus points if you know the two Kings names that played important key roles!

A

Thailand (Siam) because it was used as a buffer between the British and French.
King Mongkut and King Chulalongkorn. (They were super friendly kings)

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7
Q

Who controlled the US naval forces that defeated the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay?

A

Commodore George Dewey

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8
Q

Who controlled the Philippines?

A

The United States.

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9
Q

Who was the leader of a movement of independence in the Philippines? (He was also the president of the Republic of the Philippines)

A

Emilio Aguinaldo

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10
Q

Did the Dutch East India company use indirect or direct rule?

A

Indirect

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11
Q

What was important about the Suez Canal?

A

There was a way to get exports from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean.

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12
Q

Who was David Livingstone?

A

He was an explorer and a missionary and he explored deep into central Africa.

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13
Q

Who was hired by King Leopold the second when David Livingstone went missing?

A

Henry Stanley

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14
Q

Who was the real driving force behind the colonization of Central Africa?

A

King Leopold II of Belgium

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15
Q

Who were big rivals during the colonization of Africa?

A

Germany and Great Britain

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16
Q

What met in 1884 and 1885 to settle conflicting claims in Africa?

A

The Berlin Conference

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17
Q

Who were the Boer?

A

Dutch settlers

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18
Q

The Boers frequently battled with the _______?

A

Zulu people

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19
Q

Who was the brutal leader of the Zulu people?

A

Shaka Zulu

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20
Q

What did Cecil Rhodes want to do and who was he?

A

Build a railroad through the British colonies. Cecil Rhodes was also the prime minister of the Cape Colony and planned to over throw the Boer government.

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21
Q

What kind of warfare was used by the Boer people?

A

Guerrilla

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22
Q

What kind of policy was used by the British in the Boer war?

A

The scorched earth policy.

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23
Q

Who were sepoys?

A

Indian soldiers the British East India Company hired

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24
Q

The British East India Company started out as a 1.___________ body but then transformed into a 2.___________ body

A
  1. Trading or economical 2. Political
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25
Q

The people of India became who’s “Jewel in the Crown”

A

Queen Victoria (the empress of India)

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26
Q

What happened at Kanpur?

A

Indians massacred 200 people.

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27
Q

A governor who ruled as a representative of a monarch.

A

Viceroy

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28
Q

What were some of the benefits of British rule in India?

A
  • they brought order and stability
  • led a fair and honest government
  • new technology
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29
Q

What are some of the costs of the British rule in India?

A
  • economic
  • taxes
  • disrespect towards Indians
  • British encourages the Indians to grow cotton instead of food
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30
Q

3 big Indian trading cities.

A

Bombay
Madras
Calcutta

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31
Q

A small group of Indians met in Bombay to form the ____________.

A

Indian National Congress

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32
Q

Who was the main figure in Indians independence?

A

Mohandas Gandhi

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33
Q

Who was the most famous Indian author?

A

Rabindranath Tagore

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34
Q

Who were descendants of Europeans that were born in Latin America?

A

Creoles

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35
Q

Who were Spanish and Portuguese officials who resided temporary in Latin America?

A

Peninsulares

36
Q

People of mixed European and Native American descent.

A

Mestizos

37
Q

Who were the liberators of South America?

A

José de San Martín and Simón Bolívar

38
Q

Strong leaders that ruled by military force.

A

Caudillos

39
Q

___________ guaranteed the independence of the new Latin America.

A

The Monroe Doctrine

40
Q

Who was the bad president who misused state funds and causes chaos in Mexico.

A

Antonio López de Santa Anna

41
Q

Who’s rule followed Antonio López de Santa Anna? (This person also redistributed land to the poor)

A

Benito Juárez

42
Q

Which countries became a protectorate of the US after the Spanish-American war?

A

Cuba and Puerto Rico

43
Q

The US built the ________ in 1914.

A

Panama Canal

44
Q

What was Latin Americas first independent nation?

A

Haiti

45
Q

Who led forces over the Andes, surprised Spanish troops and won independence for Chile?

A

José de San Martín

46
Q

What was a result of the Sepoy Mutiny?

A

The British parliament transferred powers from the British East India Company to the British government and it helped fuel Indian nationalism.

47
Q

Why did Latin American countries remain economically dependent after political independence?

A

Because they exported raw material and imported finished goods.

48
Q

The extension of a nations power over other lands.

A

Imperialism

49
Q

How did Ethiopia remain independent?

A

They defended themselves with military force.

50
Q

How did Liberia remain independent?

A

They bought their own independence.

51
Q

Why were the Europeans imperializing? (5 motivations)

A 
Religious 
Economic 
Ideological
Political
Exploratory
52
Q

What was the Scramble for Africa?

A

Where nations “scrambled” to claim territory to compete with one another.

53
Q

What allowed the British to Jail protestors for up to two years with no trial?

A

The Rowlatt Act

54
Q

What the event called where British soldiers opened fired on Indians when they wanted independence?

A

The Amritsar Massacre

55
Q

When was the Boer War?

A

1899-1902

56
Q

Who controlled the British in the Boer war?

A

Paul Kitchener

57
Q

Who was the key revolutionist in Burma?

A

Saya San

58
Q

Who revolted against the harsh conditions on the sugar cane plantation? Result? Who sympathized with the Cubans?

A

The slaves in Cuba. The result was that they received better working conditions and the Americans sympathized with the Cubans.

59
Q

What happened to the USS Maine in 1898 and where was it?

A

It was in Havana Harbor and exploded. It was rumored to be the Spanish’s fault and because of it the US declared war.

60
Q

Who led the Mestizos to attack the Spanish?

A

Miguel Hidalgo

61
Q

Jose de San Martin free what countries?

A

Argentina, Peru, and Chile.

62
Q

What countries did Simon Bolívar free?

A

Venezuela, New Granada, and Ecuador.

63
Q

Who brought reforms to Mexico including the separation of church and state?

A

Benito Juarez

64
Q

Who created armies from minorities to fight for land reforms?

A

Poncho Villa and Emilio Zapata

65
Q

What was the Raj?

A

The British rule in India.

66
Q

The belief that ones own culture is superior to all others.

A

Ethnocentrism

67
Q

To take in (information ideas or culture) or the adaptation of local people to ruling culture

A

Assimilate / Assimilation

68
Q

To make use of for ones own advantage.

A

Exploitation

69
Q

The deliberate killing of a large group of people.

A

Genocide

70
Q

Crops that are grown for sale.

A

Cash crops

71
Q

The practice of keeping people of different races, religion, ect. separate.

A

Segregation

72
Q

The belief that a country should maintain a strong military capability.

A

Militarism

73
Q

A policy of national isolation by rejecting to vote from alliances and other political and economic relations.

A

Isolationism

74
Q

The policy of territorial or economic expansion.

A

Expansionism

75
Q

A political unit that depends on another government for protection.

A

Protectorate

76
Q

To incorporate a country within a state.

A

Annexed

77
Q

The 19th century doctrine of belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was justified and inevitable.

A

Manifest Destiny

78
Q

Fransisco Diaz seized control of Mexico from who?

A

Porfirio Díaz

79
Q

Who hosted the Berlin conference?

A

Otto Von Bismarck

80
Q

What was the US policy that stated that we could intervene in any Latin American Revolution?

A

The Roosevelt Corollary

81
Q

Gandhi advocated what three things?

A
  • boycotting British goods
  • refusing to pay taxes
  • refusing to vote
82
Q

Who defined the white mans burden?

A

Rudyard Kipling

83
Q

The US gained what two nations after the Spanish American war?

A

Guam and Puerto Rico

84
Q

What is it called when outside power controls investment and trading?

A

Sphere of influence

85
Q

What is it called when private business interests assert control?

A

Economic Imperialism

86
Q

What is a national called when it governs itself, but under outside control?

A

A protectorate.

Modern World History (4 decks)

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