Chapter 21: Haircoloring Flashcards
The structure of the client’s hair and the desired results determine which haircolor to use.
true
Level 1 hair is lighter in color than level 10 hair.
false
Without haircoloring, most people eventually become completely gray-haired.
false
When color-correcting hair, if the hair is red, you should use orange to balance.
false
Permanent haircolor is considered an oxidative haircolor.
true
Demipermanent haircoloring products are regarded as the best products for covering gray hair
false
A haircolor consultation is the most critical part of the color service.
true
It is normal for hair to be spongy and matted when wet after a haircolor service.
false
If the hair is too light after a haircoloring service, you should apply a demipermanent color that is one to two levels darker than the previous formula.
true
The higher the volume of the developer, the greater the lifting action.
true
Hair texture is determined by the ____________of the individual hair strand.
diameter
Porous hair of the same color level will lighten faster than hair that is nonporous, because the bleaching agent can enter the ____________more rapidly.
cortex
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is called_________________.
porosity
The number of hairs per square inch on the head relates to the hair’s ______________.
density
The natural pigment that determines hair color is called________________.
melanin
Some people have thick hair strands, and others have very fine strands; this word is used to describe this difference among hair types:
texture
If you counted every hair on your head in a one inch square, you would determine this characteristic of your hair:
density
A critical factor to assess before haircolor, this characteristic determines the hair’s ability to absorb moisture:
porosity
This is the pigment that provides the natural coloring for a person’s hair:
melanin
This hearty component of the hair houses the melanin pigments and provides most of the hair’s strength:
cortex
This component of the hair has absolutely no role in haircoloring, and it does not even exist in some types of hair:
medulla
This component of hair gives moisture or chemicals access to the cortex; the degree of access depends on the cuticle’s qualities:
cuticle
When the cuticle is lifted and the hair takes color quickly, the hair is said to have this characteristic:
high porosity
When the cuticle is tight and the hair is resistant to color, the hair is said to have this characteristic:
low porosity
The melanin that gives black and brown color to hair is known as _____________.
eumelanin
____________ is the varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or lightening process.
contributing pigment
Names for color levels may vary, the important thing is being able to identify the degrees of ___________ to ____________ in each level.
lightness, darkness
Contributing pigment is also known as ________________.
undertone
Your most valuable tool for identifying natural level is the _______________.
hair color swatch book
Colors achieved by mixing equal parts of two primary colors are called ____________colors.
secondary
Gold, orange, red, and yellow colors are considered to be ______________ tones.
warm
The predominant tonality of an existing color is referred to as _____________.
a base color
Primary and secondary colors that are positioned opposite each other on the color wheel are considered to be ____________________.
complementary
Which type of haircolor product has the largest pigment molecules?
Temporary
What type of haircolor product partially penetrates the hair shaft, stains the cuticle layer, and slowly fades with each shampoo?
Semipermanent
An example of a natural or vegetable haircolor obtained from the leaves or bark of plants is _________________.
henna
Metallic haircolors are also called ___________ haircolors.
progressive
What type of haircolor product is able to deposit without lifting because it is less alkaline and is mixed with a low-volume developer?
Demipermanent
A patch test is generally conducted behind the ear or on the _______________.
inside of the elbow
Permanent haircolor is applied by the bowl-and brush-method or with ___________.
an applicator bottle
Perform a ________ only if the patch test is negative.
strand test
If a(n) ________ haircolor or progressive haircolor is present, do not apply haircolor.
metallic
Perform a(n) ________ test for color, breakage, and/or discoloration.
strand
________ haircolor product has the largest pigment molecules.
Temporary
A ________ is generally conducted behind the ear or on the inside of the elbow.
patch
A process that lightens and colors the hair in one application is known as ________ .
single-process haircoloring
Colored mousses and gels belong to the ________ haircolor category.
temporary
________ haircolor is mixed with a developer and remains in the hair shaft until new hair growth occurs.
permanent
________ haircolor that is formulated to deposit, but not lighten color.
Demipermanent`
Overlapping can cause breakage and a ________ .
line of demarcation
A ________ application refers to the first time the hair is colored.
virgin
________ is the step of double-process haircoloring.
Pre-lightening
A ________ is a non-ammonia color that adds shine and tone to the hair.
glaze
________ is a chemical process involving the diffusion of the natural hair color pigment or artificial haircolor from the hair.
Hair lightening
The mildest type of lightener is a _______ lightener.
oil
_______ are also known as quick lighteners.
off the scalp lightener
Powder lighteners are recommended for lightening dark facial and body hair.
false
Tone influences the length of time necessary to lighten the natural hair color.
true
_____ lightener is strong enough for high-lift blonding but gentle enough to use on the scalp.
A cream
Chemical compounds that lighten hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural hair pigment are ______________________.
lighteners
Which of the following is not a factor that influences processing time for lightening procedures?
length of hair
Which type of lightener is not used directly on the scalp?
powder
Toner is used to create delicate colors.
true
Clients who have their hair colored usually visit the salon every:
3 to 12 weeks
The _____ is the outermost layer of the hair.
cuticle
The _____ gives hair the majority of its strength and elasticity.
cortex
Which layer of the hair is sometimes absent from the hair?
medulla
The diameter of individual hair strands is referred to as hair:
texture
The melanin granules found in fine hair texture are:
grouped tightly
Coarse hair strands have _____ diameter.
a large
Hair with a tight cuticle that makes it difficult for chemicals and moisture to penetrate has:
low porosity
Permed, colored, chemically relaxed, and straightened hair will have what degree of porosity?
high porosity
What type of melanin gives black and brown color to hair?
eumelanin
The melanin that gives blond and red colors to hair is called:
pheomelanin
The saturation, density, or concentration of color is referred to as:
level
The _____ system is used by colorists to determine the lightness or darkness of a hair color.
level
The first step in performing a haircolor service is to identify the:
natural level
Color is described as a property of objects that depends on the light they:
reflect
The predominant tone of a color is referred to as the _____ color.
base
Pure or fundamental colors that cannot be created by combining colors are called _____ colors.
primary
Mixing equal parts of a secondary color and its neighboring primary color results in a:
tertiary color
The balance, or the hue, of color seen in the hair is referred to as:
tone
The balance, or the hue, of color seen in the hair is referred to as:
intensity
Traditional semipermanent haircolor lasts about how long?
4 to 6 weeks
Traditional semipermanent haircolor lasts about how long?
haircolor glaze
Which type of haircolor is used to match, lighten, and cover gray hair?
permanent
A(n) _____ is a combination of equal parts of a prepared permanent color mixture and shampoo?
soap cap
A _____ is an oxidizing agent that, when mixed with an oxidation haircolor, supplies the oxygen gas to develop the color molecules and create a change in natural hair color.
developer
What measures the concentration and strength of hydrogen peroxide?
volume
When using a lightener, the oxidation process occurs within which layer of the hair?
cortex
When mixing permanent color using a 1:2 ratio, you should pour _____ into the bottle.
1 ounce (30 milliliters) of color and 2 ounces (60 milliliters) of developer
Which lighteners are considered on-the-scalp lighteners?
oil and cream
The powdered persulfate salts added to haircolor to increase its lightening ability are called:
activators
The hair shaft between the scalp and hair that has been previously colored is called the:
new growth
The process of treating gray or very resistant hair for better penetration of color is called:
pre-softening
A _____ is used to equalize hair porosity.
filler
Which type of hair accepts haircolor faster?
very porous
Cool tones:
absorb more light, so they look deeper than their actual level
Natural tones are commonly described as:
sandy
Which types of haircolor are non-oxidative?
semipermanent and temporary
What type of change(s) does temporary haircolor make to the hair shaft?
physical
Demipermanent haircolor is:
mixed with a low-volume developer
Permanent haircolors contain uncolored dye precursors called _____.
aniline derivatives
Repeated use of metallic haircolors can cause a _____ cast.
green
Developers have a pH between:
2.5 and 4.5
The most commonly used developer is:
hydrogen peroxide
Which of the following does NOT affect the amount of change hair goes through as it lightens?
length of the hair being lightened
How many haircolor options should you recommend during the haircolor consultation?
at least two
A(n) _____ test is used to identify a possible allergy in a client.
patch
A(n) _____ test is performed to determine how the hair will react to the color formula and how long the formula should be left on the hair.
strand
Overlapping when applying color to new growth can result in a line of:
demarcation
If you are refreshing a client’s faded color, you should mix a demipermanent haircolor in the same tonal family as the haircolor formula and allow it to process for up to _____ minutes.
10
When the client is a brunette, to avoid unwanted brassy tones, you should not lighten more than _____ level(s) above the natural color.
2
Highlighting shampoo colors are prepared by combining _____ haircolor, hydrogen peroxide, and shampoo.
permanent
For clients who are 80 to 100 percent gray, a haircolor within the _____ range is generally most flattering.
blond
When formulating a haircolor, you should always ask all of the following questions EXCEPT:
Which method of bleaching should be used?
A _____ is a non-ammonia color that adds shine and tone to the hair.
glaze
Which method of highlighting involves taking a narrow 1/8-inch section of hair by making a straight part at the scalp, positioning the hair over the foil, and applying lightener or color?
slicing
____ can cause gray hair to have a yellow cast.
medications
