Chapter 2.1 - Basic Chemistry

Question 0

Energy

Answer 0

The ability to do work or to cause a change

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space and has mass

Question 2

What are the two basic components of the universe? Why?

Answer 2

Matter and Energy. Because they exists and work together.

Question 3

Atom

Answer 3

The smallest unit of an element.

Question 4

Molecule

Answer 4

A distinct group of atoms bounded together.

Question 5

Compound

Answer 5

A pure substance that is made of two or more elements that are chemically combined.

Question 6

Mixture

Answer 6

Two substances are combined without chemical bonding.

Question 7

What are the two types of chemical bonding?

Answer 7

Ionic and Covalent.

Question 8

Ionic Bonding

Answer 8

The attraction between the oppositely charged ions.

Question 9

Covalent Bonding

Answer 9

The sharing of electrons.

Question 10

Chemical Change

Answer 10

The atoms of a substance bond with different atoms or compounds.

Question 11

Physical Change

Answer 11

The process if altering the state of something, its appearance, or its combination with substances, without involving change in electron sharing or giving.

Question 12

Neutron

Answer 12

Subatomic particle with no charge. Neutral.

Question 13

Proton

Answer 13

Subatomic particle with positive charge.

Question 14

Electron

Answer 14

Subatomic particle with a negative charge.

Question 15

Isotope

Answer 15

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.

Question 16

Ion

Answer 16

An atom that has a charge. Unequal number of protons an neutrons.

Question 17

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 17

Attraction formed between the hydrogen atom of one molecule and a negatively charged oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine atom of an adjacent molecule.

Question 18

List 3 Characteristics of Chemical Changes

Answer 18

Chemical changes take place in definite proportions.
New compounds are formed and there is a release of elements.
Energy is involved.

Question 19

3 Basic States of Matter:

Answer 19

Solid.
Liquid.
Gas.

Question 20

Which elements are essential to life?

Answer 20

The first five.

Question 21

Which elements are essential in smaller amounts? What are they called?

Answer 21

The next six.

Trace elements.

Question 22

Where are neutrons located in the cell?

Answer 22

Nucleus.

Question 23

Where are protons located in the cell?

Answer 23

Nucleus.

Question 24

Where are electrons located in the cell?

Answer 24

Within orbits outside the nucleus.

Question 25

What force holds an atom together?

Answer 25

The opposite charges of protons and electrons.

Question 26

What is an atomic number?

Answer 26

Indicates the number of protons in one atom.

Question 27

What does a molecular formula express?

Answer 27

The number and type of atoms in a molecule.

Question 28

What does a structural formula express?

Answer 28

The location of the atoms and the arrangement of chemical bonds.

Question 29

What are atoms that give, take, or share electrons to become more stable called?

Answer 29

Chemically Active.