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Me 37 > Chapter 21 > Flashcards

Chapter 21 Flashcards

1
Q

Machining

A

The process of removing unwanted material in the form of chips

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2
Q

Metal cutting or metal removal

A

Removing unwanted pieces of metal through machining in the form of chips.

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3
Q

Seven chip formations

A

Turning, milling, drilling, sawing, broaching, grinding (abrasive machining), and shaping (planing).

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4
Q

Speed

A

Velocity of cutting tool relative to the workpiece

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5
Q

Feed

A

Is the amount of material removed per revolution.

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6
Q

Depth of cut

A

Distances the tool is plunged into the surface.

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7
Q

Metal removal rate

A

Amount of material removed per pass

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8
Q

Shop equations

A

Basic equations for lathe operations.

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9
Q

Boring

A

Produces a larger hold to meet a precision after drilling.

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10
Q

Milling

A

Milling, slab milling, and face milling are multiple tooth processes.

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11
Q

Orthogonal machining

A

Carried out for research processes. They simplify tool geometry down from three dimensions to two. This allows them to cut metals and test mechanis and theory and develop values for specific power and energy.

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12
Q

Orthogonal plate machining

A

Machining a plate, low speed, in a milling machine.

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13
Q

Orthogonal tube turning

A

End cutting a tube wall in a turning set up

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14
Q

Orthogonal disk machining

A

End cutting a plate with tool feeding in a face direction. High speed.

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15
Q

Oblique machining

A

Milling drilling and single point turning. Cutting edge and motion are not perpendicular to one another.

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16
Q

Back take angle

A

The angle that the tool makes with respect to a vertical from the workpiece.

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17
Q

Shearing

A

Chip is formed by shearing

18
Q

Orthogonal tube turning does

A

Solid cylinders that have had a groove machined in the end to form a tube wall

19
Q

Plastic deformation

A

Occurs at the radial compression zone that travels ahead of the tool as it passes the workpiece

20
Q

Shear angle

A

Angle as the tool passes the workpiece to make a chip.

21
Q

Free machining steels

A

Have small percentages of hard second phase particles

22
Q

Chatter/Vibration

A

The mechanism by which a process disssipates energy

23
Q

Chatter

A

A self excited vibration that is caused by closed force displacement

24
Q

Chatter can be caused by?

A

Changes in velocity, friction, build up, workpiece variation. More energy is inputted than can be dissipated.

25
Q

Free Vibration

A

Response to any initial condition or sudden change. The amplitude decreases with time. Interrupted marching is an example.

26
Q

Forced vibration

A

Response to a periodic input, repeating with time. The amplitude remains constants as it in periodically inputted. Unbalance, misalignment, tooth impacte are examples

27
Q

Self excited vibration

A

Periodic response to a constant input. Vibration may grow in amplitude. Surface waviness is an example

28
Q

How do you recognize chatter?

A

Screech, buzz, whine. Results in an unacceptable surface finish. There are visible surface undulations

29
Q

Important factors that influence stability?

A

Cutting stiffness, cutting process parameters (speed, feed, DOC, total width), cutter geometry, dynamic characteristic (fixture, workpiece)

30
Q

Matching operations

A

Require an overlap of cutting paths

31
Q

Regenerative chatter

A

A constant chip thickness results in a steady cutting force and eliminates feedback mechanism.

32
Q

Factors that influence chatter?

A

Cutting stiffness: property related to hardness and work hardening, the machinability of materials. Larger cutting forces may be needed and greater displacement happens.

33
Q

Factors of chatter?

A

Speed: speed affects the phase shift between overlapping surfaces regeneration of vibration.

34
Q

Process damping

A

Interference and friction dissipates energy in the form of heat

35
Q

Influences of chatter?

A

Feed; feed controls the severity of the vibration.

36
Q

Factors of chatter?

A

DOC: primary cause and control of chatter.

37
Q

Factors of chatter:

A

Total width of chip: Influences the stability of the process.

38
Q

Cutting tool geometry

A

Influences the magnitude and direction of the cutting force.

39
Q

Factors of chatter:

A

A positive back rake angle directs the cutting force to be more tangential, and increases stability

40
Q

Factors of chatter

A

Reduced clearance angle: increases friction contact, dissipates heat, and stabilized chatter.

41
Q

Factors of chatter:

A

Size, shape, and lead angle of insert: a reduced lead angle and a mess round insert can maintain stability

42
Q

Dynamics

A

The product of the static stiffness and damping. Maximizing dynamics leads to stability

Me 37 (14 decks)

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