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EMT Basic - Medical > Chapter 21, 23, and 22 > Flashcards

Chapter 21, 23, and 22 Flashcards

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1
Q

Immune System

A

The body’s defense mechanism against foreign substances (antigens and allergens)

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2
Q

Antigen

A

A foreign substance to the body

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3
Q

Allergen

A

Foreign substances that cause allergic reactions

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4
Q

Immune Response

A

Production of antibodies to fight foreign substances. An allergic reaction or life-threatening anaphylactic reaction is an abnormal response

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5
Q

Hypersensitivity

A

Altered reactivity to an allergen that causes an allergic reaction, after the sensitization that occurs on first exposure

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6
Q

Histamine

A

Chemical mediator, released from mast cells, in an anaphylactic reaction

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7
Q

Anaphylactoid Reaction

A

Reaction similar to an anaphylactic reaction that may occur on first exposure without prior sensitixzation

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8
Q

Malaise

A

A general feeling of weakness or discomfort

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9
Q

Endotracheal Intubation

A

Placement of a tube down the trachea to facilitate airflow to the lungs

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10
Q

Hives

A

Raised red blotches associated with allergic n anaphylactic reactions

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11
Q

Epinephrine

A

A natural hormone that, when used as a medication, constricts blood vessels to improve blood pressure, reduces leakage from blood vessels, and relaxes smooth muscle in the bronchioles

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12
Q

Auto-Injector

A

A device with a spring-loaded needle, used for injecting a single does of medication

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13
Q

Acute Abdomen

A

A sharp, severe abdominal pain with rapid onset. Can have a number of causes

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14
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A

The space located below the diaphragm that extends to the top of the pelvis

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15
Q

Peritoneum

A

The lining of the abdominal cavity

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16
Q

Abdominal aorta

A

The portion of the descending aorta from the thoracic portion superiorly to the distal point where the aorta divides into the iliac arteries

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17
Q

Umbilicus

A

The navel

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18
Q

Visceral Pain

A

Poorly localized, intermittent, crampy, dull, or aching pain associated with ischemia or distention of an organ

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19
Q

Parietal Pain

A

Localized, sharp, constant, pain associated with irritation of the peritoneum. Also called somatic pain

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20
Q

Referred pain

A

Pain that is felt in a body part removed from the point of origin of the pain

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21
Q

Peritonitis

A

Irritation and inflammation of the peritoneum

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22
Q

Markle Test

A

A test for peritonitis in which the patient stands on his toes, knees straight, then drops to his heels, or in which the heels of the supine patient are struck together or on the bottom. The jarring of the torso will elicit pain when the peritoneal linings are inflamed

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23
Q

Appendicitis

A

Inflammation of the the appendix

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24
Q

Pancreatitis

A

Inflammation of the the pancrease

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25
Q

Cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of the the gallbladder

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26
Q

Hematemesis

A

Vomiting blood

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27
Q

Hematochezia

A

Bright Red blood in the stool

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28
Q

Melena

A

Dark tarry stools containing decomposing blood normally from an upper GI bleed

29
Q

Esophageal Varices

A

Bulging, engorgement, or weakening of the blood vessels in the lining of the lower esophagus

30
Q

Gastroenteritis

A

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestines

31
Q

Ulcers

A

Open wounds or sores within the digestive tract

32
Q

Intestinal Obstruction

A

Blockage hat interrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents

33
Q

hernia

A

Protrusion of the intestine through an opening or weakness in the abdominal aorta

34
Q

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

A

A weakened, ballooned, or enlarged area of the wall of the abdominal aorta

35
Q

Guarded Position

A

A position with the knees drawn up and hands clenched over the abdomen

36
Q

Involuntary Guarding

A

Abdominal wall muscle contraction caused by inflammation of the peritoneum that the patient cannot control. Also called rigidity

37
Q

Voluntary Guarding

A

A deliberate wall muscle contraction

38
Q

Gynecology

A

Branch of medicine that studies health of the female and her reproductive system

39
Q

Menses

A

Menstrual period in which the endometrium is sloughed off

40
Q

Menarche

A

Onset of menses

41
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Severe pain or cramps during menstruation

42
Q

Mittelschmerz

A

Abdominopelvic pain during the middle of the menstrual cycle

43
Q

Endometritis

A

Inflammation of the endometrium

44
Q

Endometriosis

A

The condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus

45
Q

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

A

Inflammation of the female reproductive tract

46
Q

Urology

A

Branch of medicine that studies the urinary system in females and genitourinary system in males (reproductive and urinary)

47
Q

Hematuria

A

Blood in the urine

48
Q

Renal Calculi

A

Kidney stones

49
Q

Dialysis

A

An artificial process used to remove water and waste substances from the blood

50
Q

Diasylate

A

A special fluid used for dialysis

51
Q

Poison

A

Any substance that impairs health or caused death by its chemical mechanism

52
Q

Tocicology

A

The study of toxins, antidotes, and the effects of toxins on the body

53
Q

Toxins

A

Drugs or substances that are poisonous to humans

54
Q

Antidote

A

A substance that neutralizes the effects of poison or a toxic substance

55
Q

Ingested

A

Swallowed

56
Q

Activated Charcoal

A

Distilled charcoal in powder form that can adsorb many time its weights in contaminants; no longer commonly administered in the care of poisoned patients

57
Q

Inhaled

A

Breathed in

58
Q

Huffers

A

People who inhale vapors in order to get high

59
Q

Injected

A

Forced into the body, usually via syringe, bite, or sting

60
Q

Absorbed

A

Passed through skin or mucosal membranes through contact

61
Q

Drug Abuse

A

Self-administration or drugs (or a single drug) in a manner that is not in accord with approved medical or social patterns

62
Q

Overdose

A

An emergency that involves poisoning by drugs or alcohol

63
Q

Withdrawl

A

A syndrome that occurs after a period of abstinence from alcohol or drugs to which a persons body has become accustomed

64
Q

Pharming

A

Raiding others medicine supplies or using faked prescriptions to obtain drugs

65
Q

CNS Stimulants

A

Substances that excite or increase central nervous system functions

66
Q

CNS Depressants

A

Substances the inhibit or decrease nervous system functions

67
Q

Narcotics

A

Central nervous system depressants derived from opiates or opioids

68
Q

Hallucinations

A

Substances that cause hallucinations, or false perceptions

69
Q

Volatile Inhalants

A

Substances that are easily vaporized and inhaled

EMT Basic - Medical (5 decks)

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