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AP Euro 20/21 > Chapter 21 > Flashcards

Chapter 21 Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
0
Q

Population growth in Britain France and Germany

A

France; 32 –> 36 million

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1
Q

Where the Industrial Revolution encourage Britain to invest

A

North and south America

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2
Q

Impact on cities due to urbanization

A

People move - stress on resources, unable to find houses/food – set up slums – London = dirty, disease – cholera, criminal activity

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3
Q

Emancipation of serfs in France Prussia Austria and Russia

A

France; 1739, Prussia; 1815, Austria: 1848, Russia; 1861

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4
Q

Causes and effects of Irish famine of 1845–1850

A

Causes; plantations, poor laws, blight, penal laws

Effects; evictions, The Great Hunger, Emigration, 8 - 4.5 Million

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5
Q

Results of railway improvements consumer economy

A

Travel across international borders, migration – people/goods (transportation), environmental, Capital goods rather than consumer goods, consumer prices went up

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6
Q

Limits of workers in the new labor marketplace

A

Laborers said no say in quality/quantity/market of product

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7
Q

Proletarianization

A

19th-century industrial wage labor force

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8
Q

Chartist reform movement/measures

A

British labor movement, against industry/proletariat, protect crafts/wages, peaceful, Luddites = not peaceful

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9
Q

British Chartism

A

First large-scale working-class movement, People’s charter, proletariat

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10
Q

Purpose behind construction of the Crystal Palace

A

Show off new industry, compatible with other things, unite countries

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11
Q

Relationship between husbands and wives and early factories

A

Wives and children = assistant

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12
Q

English Factory Act of 1833

A

99; age <9, two hours of education for children

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13
Q

Work hours after 1847

A

Nine hours a day only for everyone

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14
Q

Classes which experienced division of labor to gender specific roles

A 
Woman = married – now domestic homemaker, single – workforce
Men = breadwinners
children = assets
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15
Q

Requirements of new jobs for woman in textile factories

A

Single, paid less, less skilled jobs

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16
Q

Woman employment in France

A

Textiles

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17
Q

First organized police force

A

Paris France, 1828

18
Q

Trends of criminal activity in Europe

A

Slow/steady rise until 1860

19
Q

Reason British criminals sent to Australia

A

Transportation, cheaper than capital punishment

20
Q

The Auburn System and Philadelphia System

A

Prison reform systems, borrowed from the Americas, separating prisoners, reform behavior for society, sometimes caused psychological damage

21
Q

Classical economics and economic growth

A

Free enterprise; laissez-faire economics

22
Q

Classical economists and the role of government

A

Foreign trade market, property, currency, tariffs/taxes, contracts on franchise/entrepreneurs, infrastructure

23
Q

Jeremy Bentham and utilitarianism

A

Greatest good for the greatest number of people, Rousseau and Marx (Marxism)

24
Q

Utopian socialist movement

A

Owensim (communities – Lanark/New Harmony) Foyeism, Simonism

25
Q

Count Cloude Henri de Saint Simon

A

St. Simonism; well managed by experts (technocracy)

26
Q

Anarchists

A

Anti- capitalist, government, religious, industry

Blanci; terror, Prudonne; mutualism

27
Q

Karl Marx and the Communist Manifesto

A

Friedrich Angles, Hegelian philosophy, influenced 20th century, revolution through class conflict

28
Q

Sources of inspiration for the Communist Manifesto

A

Hegel, Classical economists

29
Q

Makeup of revolutionaries in 1848

A

Political liberals, urban workers, nationalists (outside France)

30
Q

Hottest spot for the liberalist and nationalistic revolts

A

Austrian Empire

31
Q

Spanish Revolution

A

Protocol of Troppau – other countries could intervene in liberalist/nationalistic revolts, Truman Doctrine

32
Q

Thomas Malthus, Essay on the Principle of Population and his views

A

Nothing can improve condition of working-class – resources at fixed, population at Arithmatic, Point of crisis = Malthusian Catastrophe, family-planning

33
Q

David Ricardo, Principles of Political Economy and his views

A

“Iron law of wages”, wants = regulation of wages

Increase money – > increase the children – > more work – > less money per job – > less children
And repeats

34
Q

Regions of Revolutions of 1848

A

France, Germany, Austria, Italy, Mediterranean, Russia, Ottoman Empire

35
Q

Results of 1848 – 1849 revolution

A

They all failed

36
Q

Origin of 1840 Revolutions

A

Lack of food, unemployment, bad living conditions, general discontent

37
Q

Feminist movements in revolutionary Europe

A

Visuvians; liberal feminists, equality with husbands, military, and appearance
Voix de femmes; Conservative, syllabary rolls – political government, better jobs, voting, education

38
Q

Regions of Revolution in Hapsburg Empire in 1848

A

Vienna, Hungary, Czech, Italy

39
Q

Actions of the Hungarians during the Magyar Revolt

A

Annex territories within their borders, led to insurrections

40
Q

Split between German working-class and German liberals

A

Parliament refused to restore protection of guilds – liked concept of free labor market

41
Q

Facts about Italian Revolution of 1848

A

King Albert, Joseph Radetzkey, 5 days of Milan, Radetzkey’s March, Pope Pius IX, Mazzini and Garibaldi, Battle of Novara, Siege of Rome

42
Q

Facts about German Revolution of 1848

A
  • Prussia,
  • David Hanesmann,
  • Monarch = own constitution – universal male suffrage – three classes voted on ability to pay taxes – largest taxpayers (5% of population) = 1/3 vote,
  • The Frankfurt Parliament – moderate liberal constitution for united Germany
43
Q

Facts about French Revolution of 1848

A

Louis Philippe – “Citizen King” and Franciose Guizot, urban workers joined liberals against their reign, February Days – they’re forced to abdicate

AP Euro 20/21 (2 decks)

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