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History > Chapter 21 > Flashcards

Chapter 21 Flashcards

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1
Q

Massive growth in cities

A

Urbanization

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2
Q

Identical machine made parts

A

Interchangeable parts

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3
Q

System of government which government actions benefit the majority

A

Utilitarianism

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4
Q

Land, labor, capital

A

Factors of production

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5
Q

Process in which one person is trained to do one job

A

Division of labor

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6
Q

No government intervention in the economy

A

Laissez Faire

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7
Q

Period of time in which manpower was replaced by machine power

A

Industrial revolution

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8
Q

Training to do a specific job

A

Specialization

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9
Q

Economic system based off of private industry

A

Capitalism

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10
Q

Government in which the people own and operate everything

A

Communism

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11
Q

Process of producing large numbers of identical goods

A

Mass production

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12
Q

Government owns and operates all production

A

Socialism

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13
Q

Process of mass producing goods based on specialization

A

Assembly line

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14
Q

British economist who advocated Laissez Faire economics

A

Adam Smith

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15
Q

What are three things that brought on the agricultural revolution?

A

New technology
Crop rotation
Enclosure movement

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16
Q

What was the enclosure movement?

A

Wealthy farmers bought all the land

17
Q

What are four reasons why the industrial revolution happened in England?

A

Factors of production
Expanding economy
Stable political climate
Natural resources

18
Q

What was the first industry in England that was affected by the industrial revolution?

A

Textile industry

19
Q

How did the invention of the steam engine affect transportation methods?

A

Decreased transportation times

20
Q

What are six ways the industrial revolution changed cities?

A

Urbanization
Poor sanitation
Increased price on goods
Standard of living increased
No safety precautions
Leisure activities

21
Q

What characteristic defined the upper class in the industrial revolution?

A

Factory owners

22
Q

What characteristic defined the middle class in the industrial revolution?

A

White-collar jobs

23
Q

What characteristic defined the working class in the industrial revolution?

A

Blue-collar jobs

24
Q

What were six effects of the industrial revolution?

A

Nations became richer
Created jobs
Technological innovations
Standard of living increased
Creation of unions
Increased education

25
Q

How did the industrial revolution come to America?

A

Samuel Slater brought factory and machine ideas to America

26
Q

What were three where is America improved the industrial revolution?

A

Interchangeable parts
Assembly line
Division of labor

27
Q

What was the three natural laws that Adam Smith said the economy ran off of?

A

Self interest
Supply and demand
Competition

28
Q

What was the purpose of private industry in capitalism?

A

To make profits and invest

29
Q

What were five new government ideas came from the industrial revolution?

A

Utilitarianism
Communism
Anarchism
Socialism
Utopian society

30
Q

What phrase sums up utilitarianism?

A

The greatest good for the greatest amount of people

31
Q

What were two characteristics of socialism?

A

No private industry
Equality

32
Q

What was the goal of the utopian society?

A

Perfect society

33
Q

What was the purpose of communism?

A

To create equality because there were no social classes

History (3 decks)

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