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BSAVA Clinical Pathology > Chapter 21 > Flashcards

Chapter 21 Flashcards

1
Q

What stain(s) is used for fungal infections?

A

PAS, mucicarmine, Grocott-Gomori

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2
Q

What stain(s) is used for lipid?

A

Oil red O
Sudan black

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3
Q

What stain(s) is used for copper?

A

Rhodadine
Rubeanic acid

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4
Q

What stain(s) is used for acid fast bacilli?

A

ZN

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5
Q

What stain(s) is used for amyloid?

A

Congo red

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6
Q

What stain(s) is used for melanin?

A

Masson-Fontana

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7
Q

What stain(s) is used for MCT

A

Toluidine blue

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8
Q

What stain(s) is used for iron?

A

Prussian blue

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9
Q

What stain(s) is used for myelin?

A

Luxol fast blue

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10
Q

What immunocytochemical stain is used for epithelial cells?

A

Cytokeratin

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11
Q

What immunocytochemical stain is used for mesenchymal and lymphoid cells?

A

Vimentin

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12
Q

What immunocytochemical stain is used for T-lymphoid cells?

A

CD3

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13
Q

What immunocytochemical stains are used for B-lymphoid cells?

A

CD79a, CD20

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14
Q

What immunocytochemical stain is used for lymphoid/histiocytic cells?

A

CD18

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15
Q

What immunocytochemical stain is used for melanocytes?

A

Melan A

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16
Q

What immunocytochemical stain is used for smooth/skeletal muscle?

A

Desmin

17
Q

What immunocytochemical stain is used for skeletal/cardiac muscle?

A

Myoglobin

18
Q

What immunocytochemical stains are used for neuroendocrine cells?

A

Chromogranin or synaptophysin

19
Q

What tumour types have been associated with seeding following FNAB?

A

TCC (dogs), pulmonary adenocarcinoma (d+c)

20
Q

What is an example of non-degenerate neutrophils associated with septic inflammation?

A

Septic arthritis

21
Q

What types of neutrophilic degeneration are recognised cytologically?

A

Karyolysis (nuclear swelling)
Pyknosis (condensation of nucleus - round)
Karyorrhexis (nuclear fragmentation)

22
Q

How does mycobacteria appear on standard staining?

A

Numerous, fine negatively staining rods in macrophage

23
Q

What are the common G+ve and G-ve bacteria?

A

+ve - staph, strep, clostridium
-ve - E.coli, Salmonella, pseudomonas, proteus

24
Q

How can nocardia and actinomyces be differentiated?

A

Modified ZN staining
Nocardia acid-fast, actinomyces non-acid-fast

25
Q

How can haemorrhage be distinguished from blood contamination on cytology?

A

Platelets only present in contamination
Erythrophagia present in haemorrhage

26
Q

What are the cytological criteria of malignancy (tissue architecture)?

A

Increased cell crowding
Loss of cohesion
Pleomorphism
Cytomegaly

27
Q

What are the cytological criteria of malignancy (nuclear)?

A

Nuclear moulding
Anisokaryosis
High N:C
Multinucleation
Karyomegaly
Increased/abnormal mitotic figures
Irregular nuclear membrane
Coarse/variable chromatin
Abnormal nucleoli

28
Q

What are the cytological criteria of malignancy (cytoplasmic)?

A

Increased basophilia
Abnormal vacuolation

BSAVA Clinical Pathology (25 decks)

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