Chapter 21 Flashcards
Difference between toxin and poison
A poison is any substance whose chemical action can damage body structures or impair body function.
A toxin is a poisonous substance produced by bacteria, animals, or plants that acts by changing the normal metabolism of cells or by destroying them.
signs and symptoms of poisons and toxins
What can’t activated charcoal be used for?
Activated charcoal is not indicated, nor is it effective, for patients who have ingested alkali poisons, cyanide, ethanol, iron, lithium, methanol, mineral acids, or organic solvents.
Alcohol withdrawal symptoms
A patient in alcohol withdrawal may experience:
Agitation and restlessness
Fever
Sweating
Tremors
Confusion and/or disorientation
Delusions and/or hallucinations
Seizures
Name common opiods
protocol for Naxolone
Types of sedative hypnotic drugs
what are Sympathomimetics?
Sympathomimetics are so called because they mimic the effects of the sympathetic (“fight or flight”) nervous system.
Sympathomimetics frequently cause hypertension, tachycardia, and dilated pupils.
What are Synthetic Cathinones (Bath Salts)?
Bath salts produce:
Euphoria
Increased mental clarity
Sexual arousal
Adverse effects include:
Teeth grinding
Appetite loss
Muscle twitching
Lip-smacking
Confusion
Gastrointestinal conditions
Paranoia
Headache
Elevated heart rate
Hallucinations
K
What are Anticholinergic Agents?
nticholinergic agents are medications that block the parasympathetic nerves.
Common drugs with a significant anticholinergic effect include:
Atropine
Antihistamines such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Datura stramonium (jimsonweed)
Certain tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline (Elavil)
What are Cholinergic Agents?
Cholinergic agents are medications that overstimulate the normal body functions controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system.
