Chapter 20 Quiz Flashcards
A 19-year-old female was stung multiple times on the legs by fire ants. She states that she is allergic to fire ants, but does not carry her own epinephrine. The patient is conscious and alert and complains of pain to the area of the bites. Her blood pressure is 122/70 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and strong, and her respirations are 18 breaths/min and unlabored. You should:
Select one:
A. administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital.
B. position her legs well above the level of her heart.
C. advise her to see her physician as soon as possible.
D. request a paramedic unit to administer epinephrine.
A. administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital.
A 37-year-old male is having a severe allergic reaction to penicillin. He does not have an epinephrine auto-injector and your protocols do not allow you to carry epinephrine on the ambulance. How should you proceed with the treatment of this patient?
Select one:
A. Quickly determine if there are any bystanders who may carry epinephrine.
B. Remain at the scene with the patient and request a paramedic ambulance.
C. Ask the patient if he has any diphenhydramine tablets that you can administer.
D. Administer oxygen, transport at once, and request a paramedic intercept.
D. Administer oxygen, transport at once, and request a paramedic intercept.
After administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine via auto-injector to a 22-year-old woman with an allergic reaction, you note improvement in her breathing and dissipation of her hives. However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should:
Select one:
A. transport her rapidly, as it is obvious that she is having a severe reaction to the epinephrine.
B. contact medical control and obtain authorization to administer another 0.3 mg of epinephrine.
C. monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine.
D. consider administering 0.15 mg of epinephrine to completely resolve her allergic reaction.
C. monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine.
Anaphylaxis caused by stinging insects is typically an allergic reaction to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ rather than the bite or sting itself. Select one: A. injected poison B. irritating toxin C. deadly venom D. All of these answers are correct.
D. All of these answers are correct.
Anaphylaxis is MOST accurately defined as a(n):
Select one:
A. extreme allergic reaction that may affect multiple body systems.
B. severe allergic reaction that typically resolves without treatment.
C. moderate allergic reaction that primarily affects the vasculature.
D. allergic reaction that causes bronchodilation and vasoconstriction.
A. extreme allergic reaction that may affect multiple body systems.
At the site of the injury, signs and symptoms of an animal or insect bite or sting may include pain, localized heat, and a wheal, which appears as __________.
Select one:
A. an uncomfortable depression in the skin
B. a series of small, raised pustules
C. a raised, well-defined area of the skin
D. a large area of red, blotchy skin
C. a raised, well-defined area of the skin
Care for a victim of an immunologic emergency who is severely hypotensive should include which of the following?
Select one:
A. Routine spinal immobilization due to the potential for traumatic injury
B. Initiate basic life support measures, including the use of an automated external defibrillator, if necessary.
C. Position the patient’s airway and initiate positive-pressure ventilations.
D. Apply high-flow oxygen therapy, place the patient in a shock position, and help maintain the patient’s body temperature.
D. Apply high-flow oxygen therapy, place the patient in a shock position, and help maintain the patient’s body temperature.
Epinephrine stimulates the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ response, increasing blood pressure and relieving bronchospasm. Select one: A. respiratory B. sympathetic C. parasympathetic D. cardiac
B. sympathetic
Patients may experience allergic reactions to which of the following substances? Select one: a. Food and medications b. All of these answers are correct. c. d. Plant material e. Insect or animal bites and stings
b. All of these answers are correct.
The adult epinephrine auto-injector delivers \_\_\_\_\_\_ mg of epinephrine, and the infant-child auto-injector delivers \_\_\_\_\_\_ mg. Select one: A. 0.3; 0.15 B. 0.1; 0.01 C. 0.03; 0.3 D. 0.01; 0.1
A. 0.3; 0.15
The effects of epinephrine are typically observed within \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ following administration. Select one: A. 1 hour B. 30 seconds C. 30 minutes D. 1 minute
D. 1 minute
The goal of invaders such as bacteria and viruses is to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Select one: A. cause an immune response B. spread disease and destruction C. use a human body as a home D. kill their human host
C. use a human body as a home
The stinger from a honeybee should be: [1] left in place and covered. Select one: A. B. scraped away from the skin. C. irrigated with copious amounts of water. D. squeezed with tweezers and removed.
B. scraped away from the skin.
Urticaria is the medical term for: Select one: A. swelling. B. hives. C. a wheal. D. burning.
B. hives.
When a foreign substance invades the body, the body will __________.
Select one:
A. protect itself
B. go on alert
C. attempt to inactivate the foreign substance
D. All of these answers are correct.
D. All of these answers are correct.
