Chapter 15 Quiz

Question 1

“PASTE” is an alternate assessment tool for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Select one:
A. cardiac patients
B. stroke patients
C. respiratory patients
D. seizure patients

Answer 1

C. respiratory patients

Question 2

A 30-year-old male presents with acute shortness of breath, widespread hives, and facial swelling. He denies any past medical history and takes no medications. During your assessment, you hear wheezing over all the lung fields. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. In addition to giving him high-flow oxygen, the MOST important treatment for this patient is:
Select one:
A. albuterol.
B. an antihistamine.
C. a beta-antagonist.
D. epinephrine.

Answer 2

D. epinephrine.

Question 3

A 59-year-old male with a history of emphysema complains of an acute worsening of his dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain following a forceful cough. Your assessment reveals that he has a barrel-shaped chest, unilaterally diminished breath sounds, and tachycardia. What is the MOST likely cause of this patient's condition?
Select one:
A. Exacerbation of his COPD
B. Acute pulmonary embolism
C. Spontaneous pneumothorax
D. Rupture of the diaphragm

Answer 3

C. Spontaneous pneumothorax

Question 4

A pleural effusion is MOST accurately defined as:
Select one:
A. a unilaterally collapsed lung.
B. a bacterial infection of the lung tissue.
C. diffuse collapsing of the alveoli.
D. fluid accumulation outside the lung.

Answer 4

D. fluid accumulation outside the lung.

Question 5

Asthma is caused by a response of the:
Select one:
A. cardiovascular system.
B. respiratory system.
C. immune system.
D. endocrine system.

Answer 5

C. immune system.

Question 6

Crackles (rales) are caused by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Select one:
A. narrowing of the upper airways
B. air passing through fluid
C. mucus in the larger airways
D. severe bronchoconstriction

Answer 6

B. air passing through fluid

Question 7

His parents tell you that their son has had a chest infection for the past two days and when they took him to their family doctor, they were told it was likely due to the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). They have kept him well hydrated, but the infection seems to have gotten worse. On auscultation, you hear decreased air entry bilaterally with fine expiratory wheezes and the occasional coarse wet crackle. Based on this information, your patient is most likely suffering from:
Select one:
A. pertussis.
B. bronchiolitis.
C. epiglottitis.
D. croup.

Answer 7

B. bronchiolitis.

Question 8

In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur:
Select one:
A. the pulmonary capillaries must be completely constricted and the alveoli must be collapsed.
B. there must be low quantities of pulmonary surfactant to allow for full alveolar expansion.
C. the percentage of inhaled carbon dioxide must exceed the percentage of inhaled oxygen.
D. oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar–capillary membrane.

Answer 8

D. oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar–capillary membrane.

Question 9

In what area of the lungs does respiration occur?
Select one:
A. Capillaries
B. Trachea
C. Bronchi
D. Alveoli

Answer 9

D. Alveoli

Question 10

Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would MOST likely be contraindicated in which of the following situations?
Select one:
A. Pulmonary edema, history of hypertension, and anxiety
B. Conscious and alert patient with an oxygen saturation of 85%
C. Shortness of breath and a blood pressure of 76/56 mm Hg
D. Difficulty breathing, two-word dyspnea, and tachycardia

Answer 10

C. Shortness of breath and a blood pressure of 76/56 mm Hg

Question 11

When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear adventitious sounds. This means that the patient has:
Select one:
A. normal breath sounds.
B. diminished breath sounds.
C. abnormal breath sounds.
D. an absence of breath sounds.

Answer 11

C. abnormal breath sounds.

Question 12

Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to result in hypoxia?
Select one:
A. Severe anxiety
B. Pleural effusion
C. Pulmonary edema
D. Narcotic overdose

Answer 12

A. Severe anxiety

Question 13

Which of the following is a genetic disorder that predisposes the patient to repeated lung infections?
Select one:
A. Celiac sprue
B. Multiple sclerosis
C. Cystic fibrosis
D. Severe acute respiratory syndrome

Answer 13

C. Cystic fibrosis

Question 14

Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing?
Select one:
A. 24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin
B. 30 breaths/min with supraclavicular retractions and clammy skin
C. 20 breaths/min with shallow movement of the chest wall and pallor
D. 22 breaths/min with an irregular pattern of breathing and cyanosis

Answer 14

A. 24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin

Question 15

Which of the following must be assessed in every respiratory patient?
Select one:
A. Blood glucose levels
B. Orthostatic vital signs
C. Distal pulse, motor, sensation
D. Lung sounds

Answer 15

D. Lung sounds

Question 16

While auscultating an elderly woman's breath sounds, you hear low-pitched “rattling” sounds at the bases of both of her lungs. This finding is MOST consistent with which of the following conditions?
Select one:
A. Acute asthma attack
B. Aspiration pneumonia
C. Early pulmonary edema
D. Widespread atelectasis

Answer 16

B. Aspiration pneumonia

Question 17

You are assisting an asthma patient with his prescribed metered-dose inhaler. After the patient takes a deep breath and depresses the inhaler, you should:
Select one:
A. allow him to breathe room air and assess his oxygen saturation.
B. advise him to exhale forcefully to ensure medication absorption.
C. immediately reapply the oxygen mask and reassess his condition.
D. instruct him to hold his breath for as long as he comfortably can.

Answer 17

D. instruct him to hold his breath for as long as he comfortably can.

Question 18

You are attending to a 3-year-old male patient who is presenting with severe shortness of breath. His parents report that he has had a cough and cold with a low grade fever for the past two days. They became worried today, as his level of distress has increased dramatically. On assessment, the patient is sitting upright and making high-pitched noises with each breath. Based on this information, the patient is most likely suffering from:
Select one:
A. inflammation of the bronchioles.
B. inflammation of the lower respiratory tract and bronchospasm.
C. viral infection of the upper respiratory tract.
D. bacterial infection of the epiglottis.

Answer 18

C. viral infection of the upper respiratory tract.

Question 19

You are attending to a 54-year-old female patient in a homeless shelter. The patient tells you that she had the flu a couple of weeks ago, and she has not gotten over it. She has been tired and keeps waking up at night, sweating. She has been coughing up green sputum occasionally and has been experiencing episodes of chest pain that get worse when she breathes. Based on this information, your patient is most likely suffering from:
Select one:
A. influenza Type A.
B. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
C. pneumonia.
D. tuberculosis.

Answer 19

D. tuberculosis.

Question 20

Your patient has a chronic respiratory condition. His stimulus to breathe is triggered by low oxygen levels in the blood. This is known as the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Select one:
A. CO2 drive
B. COPD drive
C. hypoxic drive
D. alternate drive

Answer 20

C. hypoxic drive