Chapter 20 Flashcards
What kind of household are children of poverty most likely to live in?
Female head household
What is the leading cause among children in the US?
Motor vehicle injuries
What is a developmental consideration for infants?
- Infants have the 2nd highest injury rate of all groups of children!
- Their small airway may be easily occluded.
- Their small body fits through places where the head may be entrapped.
- In MVAs they may get propelled into surfaces or crushed.
What is a developmental consideration for toddlers and preschoolers?
- They experience a large # of nonfatal falls and being struck by or against an object.
- They are active and lack understanding of cause and effect, and their increasing motor skills make supervision difficult.
- They are inquisitive and have relatively immature logic abilities.
What is a developmental consideration for school aged children?
- This group has the lowest injury-death rate.
- At this age, it is difficult to judge speed and distance -> risk for pedestrian and bicycle accidents.
- The highest injury rates are between 10-14 years of age; boys 2x more likely than girls.
- Universal use of bicycle helmets would prevent most deaths.
- Peer pressure and lack of parental role modeling often inhibit the use of protective devices (helmets, knee/elbow pads).
What is a developmental consideration for adolescents?
- MVA-related injuries and violence are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for adolescents.
- Risk-taking becomes more conscious, especially among boys at this time.
- Injury rates among boys are 2X as high as among girls.
- Homicides are the 3rd leading cause of death for US adolescents
What should all families given in the high-risk areas for each age group to promote safety and injury prevention?
Anticipatory guidance
What are risk factors for SIDS?
- Prone or side-lying sleep position
- Sleeping on a soft surface
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy
- Overheating
- Late or no prenatal care
- Young maternal age
- Preterm birth or low birth weight
- Male gender
What are the two major organizations responsible for immunization guidelines?
AAP and US Public Health Service’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).
What is the most common environmental health hazard?
Lead poisoning
Document with patient’s specific wishes regarding different medical situations. Consist of two parts: Living will and durable power of attorney.
Advanced directive
Allows the client to express wishes regarding the use of medical treatments in the event of terminal illness.
Living will
The legal way for the client to designate someone else to make healthcare decisions when he or she is unable to do so.
Durable power of attorney
Physical, psychological,
financial, and social abuse or violation of individual’s rights. Unfortunately, only 1 in 6 cases of elder abuse is reported. Be vigilant!
Elder abuse
Lack of services that are necessary for the physical and mental health of an individual by an individual or a caregiver.
Neglect
