Chapter 20 Flashcards
Define: Conventional Machining
Where a sharp cutting tool is used to mechanically cut the material to achieve the desired geometry. (ex. Turning, Drilling, and Milling)
Define: Abrasive Process
Where the mechanical removal of material is accomplished by the action of hard, abrasive particles. (ex. Grinding, Honing, Lapping, and Super-finishing)
Define: Non-traditional Material Removal
Uses various energy forms other than a sharp cutting tool or abrasive particles to remove material. Such energy forms include mechanical, electro-chemical, thermal, and chemical.
Define: Cutting Speed
(v) Primary motion of the cutting tool. (ex. speed of bit)
Define: Feed
(f) Secondary motion of the cutting process describing the movement of the bit or part laterally across work (much slower than cutting speed)
Define: Turning vs. Milling
Turning: Where a cutting tool with a single cutting edge is used to remove material from a rotational work-piece to generate a cylindrical shape
Milling: Where a rotating tool with multiple cutting edges is fed slowly across the work material to generate a plane or straight surface (feed motion is perpendicular to the tool’s axis of ration.
Define: Rake Angle
(Alpha) the angle in which the rake face is positioned to direct the flow of a newly formed chip. Measured relative to a plane perpendicular to the work surface
Define: Relief Angle
The angle in which the flank is positioned to provide clearance between the tool and newly generated work surface, thus protecting it from abrasion.
Define: Depth of Cut
(d) The penetration of the cutting tool below the original work surface
Define: Shear Plane
When using an orthogonal cutting tool, this is the plane in which encounters shear deformation as the chip is formed.
Define: Chip Thickness Ratio
Ratio of original thickness of chip to the final thickness.
r = t0 / tF
Define: Friction Force
The frictional force resisting the flow of the chip along the rake face of the tool. Used in defining the coefficient of friction between the tool and the chip.
Define: Shear Force
The force that causes shear deformation to occur in the shear plane. Acts parallel to shear plane.
Define: Cutting Force
The force in the direction of cutting and in the same direction as the cutting speed.
Define: Thrust Force
Force perpendicular to the cutting force and is associated with the chip thickness before the cut
