Chapter 20

Question 1

Spinning Jenny

Answer 1

Invented in England 1764, by James Hargreaves. Key development of the textile industry in the early Industrial Revolution. Multi spindle spinning frame. Moved the textile industry to factories instead of homes.

Question 2

Richard Arkwright

Answer 2

Invented the water frame in 1769 England. Improved apon the spinning Jenny and reduced the needed human labor.

Question 3

James Watt

Answer 3

Scottish inventor who improved apon the steam engine in 1769. Leading to improved textile, mining, and manufacturing industries. Making it practical for businesses to use by the 1780s

with the help of matthew Boulton who provided capital and skilled sales

Question 4

Quentin canal

Answer 4

Water way built by napoleon in France. Connecting Paris with iron and coal fields.

Question 5

Industrialization in France

Answer 5

Was a slower process that took a longer time.

Question 6

Many European countries were slower to industrialize because

Answer 6

some countries lacked mineral deposits like Portugal, Spain, southern Italy, and Greece lacked coal and iron. Other countries didn’t have a strong middle class or landless people willing to work for wages. Some of these places still practiced primitive agriculture which required a greater percentage of the population to farm.

Question 7

Irish potato famine

Answer 7

1840s and 50s wide spread famine in which millions of the poor died of starvation and millions more fled the country and immigrated to other countries and the USA.

Question 8

Henry court

Answer 8

English iron master who discovered the puddling process/ furnace that heated iron to remove impurities from it. This allowed Britain to use iron as the building block of the Industrial Revolution.

1784

Question 9

William Cockerhill

Answer 9

English inventor who brought industrialization to Belgium.

Question 11

St. Bartholomew days massacre

Answer 11

Massacre of French Protestants

Question 12

Peace of Westphalia

Answer 12

Ended 30yrs war

Question 13

Union of Utrecht

Answer 13

Northern provinces of the Netherlands signed in the fight for independence from Spain

Question 14

Gustavo’s adolpus

Answer 14

Sweden military leader during the 30 yrs war

Question 15

Diet of worms

Answer 15

Meeting of Martin Luther and the holly Roman Empire

Question 16

Council of Trent

Answer 16

Council held by the catholic church in response to the Protestant reformation

Question 17

Peace of Augsburg

Answer 17

Resolution to conflict caused by martin Luther’s 95 theses. Lutherans in holly Roman Empire equal rights with Catholics.

Question 18

Supremacy act

Answer 18

Henry the eighth becomes head of religion. Broke England off of the Catholic Church

Question 19

Edict of naught

Answer 19

Granted the Huguenots religious tolerance. Ended the French religious wars.