Chapter 20 Flashcards
In all cases using the aerial device the driver/operator should?
Maximize building coverage and aerial device reach and use upwind positioning when possible
What should be done if you move an aerial device used for secondary means of egress or retreat from an unsafe space to escape done the aerial device?
It should not be repositioned unless the change is communicated effectively and acknowledged
Overloading the aerial device in a rescue situation could?
Lead to a sudden failure of the device, resulting in injury or death to anyone involved
In an ideal rescue situation the best rescue approach is made from?
Upwind in level grade and without obstructions
If possible the driver/operator should position aerial apparatus used for rescue where?
At the corner of the building
What are two advantages of positioning on a corner?
You can potentially reach victims on two sides of a building, you are potentially safer on the corner if a structural collapse occurs
If a rescue is made from an area threatened by fire. What should be done to protect victims, rescuers, and the aerial device?
Hoselines can be used, the preferred procedure is to use a wide-angle fog stream to cool and/or protect the aerial device and personnel while rescue operation is in progress
If the victims is to be lifted over the top rail of the aerial platform, where should the driver/operator position the turntable?
Position the apparatus so the turntable is directly in line with the target if possible
If the victims is to enter the platform of the aerial apparatus through the hinged gate where should the driver/operator position the turntable?
The driver/operator should position the turntable to be a little forward or a little behind the target because the platform gates are typically on the side of the platform. This provides safe access to the gates
In situations that require using the aerial apparatus for rescue, the main objective is?
To reach as many victims or points of egress as possible with a minimum number of aerial movements
What is the victim rescue priority from greatest to least?
Most severely threatened by conditions of the hazard, largest number of groups of people, remainder of people in the hazard area, people in exposed areas
What victim rescue priority groups should be considered to not warrant evacuation by aerial device?
Remainder of people in the hazard area, and people in exposed areas. Judgement should be used to determine whether or not they are in enough danger to warrant evacuation by aerial device. The risk of injuring a victim an aerial evacuation should be avoided.
What is the best position for reduced twisting stress imposed on the aerial?
Extended and rotated aerial device is perpendicular to the objective
If the aerial ladder must be extended towards the object at an angle, how should the ladder be spotted at the objective?
Extend the ladder so that the beam on the building side of the ladder is above and over the objective.
If a beam is contacting the objective, the weight of the victim(s) can cause?
The opposite beam to bend downward, which could twist or bend the ladder, causing catastrophic failure
When maneuvering any aerial device to reach a victim trapped in an elevated position, where should the aerial device be positioned?
The aerial device should be aimed above the victim and then lowered.
Once an aerial device is in place for rescue, some aerial devices are equipped with what, that is an important step in making the device a rigid structure if so equipped?
Extension locks, increase the overall strength of the extended device and greatly reduce the chance of failure
When using the aerial ladder for rescue from a window where should the ladder tip be placed?
The first rung of the ladder tip should be placed even with the windowsill. This position allows firefighters to place victims directly on the ladder with minimum lifting
When using aerial platforms most fire departments prefer the platform be placed where?
So that the top rail of the platform is even with the windowsill
When removing trapped victims from a roof the tip of the aerial should be placed?
So that at least 6 ft extends above the edge of the roof.
When removing trapped victims from a roof the aerial platform should be placed so that?
The bottom of the platform is just above and over the edge of the roof
Placement of the aerial device from balconies with railings or roofs with parapet walls should?
Follow the same guidelines as for a roof, when rescuing from parapet style roofs, it may be necessary to use roof ladders to get over the parapet to the aerial device
When should roof ladders be placed against the aerial vs the parapet walls when rescuing from a parapet roof?
If a parapet is structurally sound, the roof ladder should rest against the parapet rather than the aerial ladder. The ladder may cause parapets to topple if the parapet is weakened by time or fire.
What is sometimes the best option to make rescues off a parapet roof?
Simply repositioning the truck to an area of the building that doesn’t have a parapet may be the best option
After properly positioning the aerial ladder how many firefighters should be assigned to assist victims in boarding and descending the ladder?
At least one and preferably two. When more than two are available one should assist from inside while others remain on the tip of the ladder. If only one firefighter is available the situation will dictate whether it is better for the firefighter to be on the ladder or inside the structure
When should small children or incapable adults be carried or supported down the aerial ladder?
Only use this method as a last resort tactic when all other means of egress have been ruled out
What are the three methods of carrying/supporting larger victims down the aerial ladder?
The knee sit method, victim across the aerial ladder with firefighter supporting from below, and o er the shoulder method. This is the most difficult and most risky. This carry should only be preformed with a “safety” firefighter just below the freighter carrying the victim
Using aerial platforms to move victims is considerably easier than backing them down aerial ladders but?
It is slower and not suited to mass evacuations from a single point
The removal of conscious victims requires at least how many ffs?
At least one preferably two firefighters
What should be considered when placing the aerial platform top railing flush with the windowsill or balcony?
Potentially sever and damaging dynamic load can be created when victims jump into the platform
When should using a stokes basket to evacuate victims down an aerial ladder?
This tactic should be used as a last resort since it’s much easier and safer to carry a litter down a stairwell, fire escape, or move it to a safe place of refuge until conditions improve
When should aerials be used as a high point anchor ?
Only as a last resort and only with experienced, trained, and authorized personnel. Do not use the aerial as your means of lifting victims and rescuers; instead use manpower
When lifting objects other than people, if a pulley is provided on the aerial device, the working end of the rope should only be anchored where?
To a lower section of the ladder, if the working end is anchored to the ground the load on the device becomes twice the weight of the load on the running or free end of the rope.
When lifting objects other than people with a pulley and the working end of the rope attached to a lower section of the ladder. When the aerial extends the rope does what? When it retracts?
When the aerial Extends it raises the object, when it retracts it lowers the object
When providing access for ventilating a flat roof, the driver/operator should position the aerial apparatus on the?
Unburned side of the structure as close as possible to the area being ventilated
When ventilating the roof The aerial device should be placed so that?
The vent holes will not be cut in the travel path back to the device
The driver/operator should extend the fly sections so that the aerial protrudes a minimum of how many feet over the edge of the roof?
6ft
When resources permit, it is also a good idea to do what to permit an alternate route of escape in the event the crew is cut off from the first aerial device?
Ladder the roof from two different sides
When ventilating off the aerial should be positioned where?
Slightly above the window and slightly to the upwind side. With the firefighter secured with a safety belt
If a wind is blowing accross the face of the building, windows where should be taken out first?
On the downwind portion should be taken out first, using proper ventilation practices
When using the elevated master stream in a blitz attack, the driver/operator should position the apparatus to?
Give the fire stream as much reach into the fire area as possible
The ultimate goal when using the elevated master stream for blitz attack is?
To place the nozzle in the lower portion/even with the bottom of the window opening so that the fire stream may be directed upward towards the ceiling. This position allows water to enter the area at an angle of about 30 degrees
In a defensive attack if possible you should position the apparatus on what side of the building?
Unburned side of the building. This allows the master stream to push the fire and convection waves away from the Unburned portion of the building
What are some conditions that may affect exposure hazards?
Weather, fuel, topography, building construction, spacing between the fire building and the exposure, and intensity of the fire
What is sometimes the most expensive exposure at the scene?
The apparatus itself
What should not be done when positioning the aerial apparatus for exposure control?
It should not be put into situations where measures must be taken to protect the apparatus itself. And there should always be a straight forward exit route in the event that fire conditions worsen and exposure protection operations must be abandoned
