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LABMAN > Chapter 20 > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Flashcards

1
Q

APPLICATION of statistical methods to the evaluation of the quality of products and services.

A

QUALITY CONTROL

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2
Q

ACTIVITIES directed toward MONITORING the individual elements of care. (Eg. Instrument and test procedures)

A

QUALITY CONTROL

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3
Q

A PROGRAM in which the overall activities conducted by the institution are directed toward assuring the quality of the products and services provided.

A

QUALITY ASSURANCE

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4
Q

A quality MANAGEMENT PROGRAM that includes each component (customer, producer, and supplier) in the CREATION PROCESS, from the acquisition of supplies to active follow-up after the product or service has been received by a delighted customer.

A

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

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5
Q

A quality management program that focuses on the SUCCESS of the organization in designing and achieving its set GOALS and OBJECTIVES.

A

QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND IMPROVEMENT

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6
Q

The closeness of a result to the actual value of an analyte when running a test; more commonly called “hitting the bull’s-eye.”

A

ACCURACY

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7
Q

How well a procedure reproduces a value.

A

PRECISION

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8
Q

A term used in statistics to describe and define the ITEMS that are being studied at a particular time.

A

POPULATION

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9
Q

A PART of a population that is used to analyze the characteristics of that population.

A

SAMPLE

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10
Q

The term that describes the STATISTICAL PHENOMENON whereby members of a population are usually evenly DISBURSED around the population mean.

A

GAUSSIAN DISTRIBUTION

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11
Q

The arithmetic average for all the data contained in a sample population (or an algebraic set)

A

MEAN

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12
Q

A MEASUREMENT OF PRECISION, or the tendency of the values in each population to cluster, center, or scatter around the mean.

A

STANDARD DEVIATION

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13
Q

The standard deviation expressed as a percentage of the mean; considered a measurement of PRECISION AND VARIABILITY.

A

COEFFICIENT OF VARIANCE

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14
Q

A CHART used to plot CONTROL measurements against standards to identify when a process is in out of control.

A

CONTROL CHART

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15
Q

Graphical displays with a “fishbone” appearance; used to identify the possible CAUSES of, or contributing factors to, a problem or quality defect.

A

CAUSE-AND-EFFECT DIAGRAMS

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16
Q

Line graphs used to display data over a period of time.

A

RUN CHARTS

17
Q

A STORY told in sequential pictures displayed on a flip chat or other visual aid.

A

STORY BOARDS

18
Q

A control chart used to PLOT quality control values against previously set limits to determine if a procedure is in out of control.

A

LEVEY-JENNINGS CHART

19
Q

A technique used to demonstrate and compare the performance of a laboratory on paired samples with other laboratories using common control lots or survey material.

A

YOUDEN PLOT

20
Q

A set of rules, such as the WESTGARD rules, that are used for accepting or rejecting a control run.

A

MULTIRULE ANALYSIS

21
Q

An INCORRECT ACCEPT/REJECT or PROBLEM/NO PROBLEM decision.

A

ERROR

22
Q

An error that may occur at any time and place within the production process.

A

RANDOM ERROR

23
Q

An error that occurs in a predictable direction or pattern.

A

SYSTEMATIC ERROR

24
Q

A set of numbers that does not truly reflect the characteristics of the whole population.

A

STATISTICAL BIAS

25
Q

DEVIATIONS from the symmetrical bell-shaped appearance of a frequency polygon.

A

SKEWED CURVES

26
Q

A systematic DRIFT in one direction away from the established mean.

A

TREND

27
Q

Control or sample values that are widely SCATTERED in an unusual and unexplained pattern around the control chart.

A

DISPERSION

28
Q

A sudden switch of data points to another area of the control chart away from the previous mean.

A

SHIFT

29
Q

Hospital and physician review of the necessity of care; mainly focused on reducing patient length of stay in the hospital.

A

UTILIZATION REVIEW

30
Q

A federally mandated program that appoints an agency for a state or region to review hospital case records for quality of care and reimbursement decisions.

A

PEER REVIEW ORGANIZATION

31
Q

A hospital-wide quality care management program that places emphasis on the outcomes of treatment received by the patient as the definition of quality.

A

CRITICAL-CARE PATHWAYS

LABMAN (3 decks)

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