Chapter 2 Workforce Safety And Wellness Flashcards
Infectious Disease
A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body
Communicable Disease
A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another
Infection
The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease
Pathogen
A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host
Contamination
The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or patient’s body
Exposure
A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material
Transmission
The way in which an infectious disease is spread: contact, airborne, by vehicles, or by vectors
Direct Contact
Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function
Bloodborne Pathogens
Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is cause by HIV, which damages the cells in the body’s immune system so that the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers
Indirect Contact
Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object
Airborne Transmission
the spread of an organism via droplets or dust
Foodborne Transmission
The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease
Vector-Borne Transmission
The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace
Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services
Standard Precaution
Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the CDC for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, and other potential exposure risks of communicable disease
Infection Control
Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and healthcare personnel
Designated Officer
The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues
Immune
The body’s ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease
Hosts
The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent
General Adaptation Syndrome
The body’s response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion
Acute Stress Reaction
Reactions to stress that occur during a stressful situation
Delayed Stress Reaction
Reactions to stress that occur after a stressful situation
Cumulative Stress Reaction
Prolonged or excessive stress
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. Often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident, and may relate to an incident that involved physical harm or the threat of physical harm
Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM)
A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium
Cover
the tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection
Concealment
The use of objects to limit a person’s visibility of you
