Chapter 2 Where, Why, and What? Flashcards
1
Q
refers to the belly underside
A
ventral
2
Q
combining form belly
A
ventr/o
3
Q
refers to the back
A
dorsal
4
Q
combining form back
A
dors/o
5
Q
toward the head
A
cranial
6
Q
combining form skull
A
crani/o
7
Q
toward the tail
A
caudal
8
Q
rear of the body
A
posterior
9
Q
front of the body
A
anterior
10
Q
toward the nose
A
rostral
11
Q
pertaining to the head
A
cephalic
12
Q
toward the midline
A
medial
13
Q
away from midline
A
lateral
14
Q
nearest the point of origin
A
proximal
15
Q
farthest the point of origin
A
distal
16
Q
near the surface
A
superficial
17
Q
away from the surface
A
deep
18
Q
caudal surface of the front paw
A
palmar
19
Q
caudal surface of the rear paw
A
plantar
20
Q
plane that divides body into equal right and left halves
A
midsagittal plane
21
Q
plane that divides the body into unequal right and left halves
A
sagittal plane
22
Q
plane that divides the body into dorsal and ventral parts
A
dorsal plane
23
Q
plane that divides the body into cranial and caudal parts
A
transverse plane
24
Q
suffix: study of
A
-logy
25
the study of body structure
anatomy
26
the study of the nature, causes and development of abnormal conditions/diseases
pathology
27
the study of the cause of disease
etiology
28
the study of the body functions
physiology
29
the surface of the tooth that faces the tongue (mandible)
lingual surface
30
the surface of the tooth that faces the tongue (maxilla)
palatal surface
31
the surface of the tooth that faces the cheek
buccal surface
32
the aspects of the teeth that meet when you chew
occlusal surface
33
the surface of the teeth that face the lips
labial surface
34
A body __________ is a hole or hollow space that contains and protects internal organs.
cavity
35
the hollow space that contains the brain in the skull
cranial cavity
36
the hollow space that contains the spinal cord within the spinal column
spinal cavity
37
the hollow space that contains the heart and lungs within the ribs
thoracic cavity
38
the hollow space that contains the major organs of digestion between the diaphragm and pelvic cavity
abdominal cavity
39
the hollow space within the abdominal cavity between the patietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum
peritoneal cavity
40
the hollow space that contains reproductive and some excretory system organs
pelvic cavity
41
the portion of the body between the thorax and pelvis containing the abdominal cavity
abdomen
42
the chest region between the neck and diaphragm
thorax
43
lower region of abdomen adjacent to thigh
groin
44
the groin may be referred to as the ______ region
inguinal
45
the membrane lining the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities
peritoneum
46
inflammation of the peritoneum
peritonitis
47
the pit in the abdominal wall marking the point where umbilical cord entered the fetus
umbilicus
48
superficial to the peritoneum
retroperitoneal
49
medical term for lying down
recumbent
50
lying on the back
dorsal recumbency
51
lying on the belly
ventral recumbency
52
ventral recumbency may be referred to as
sternal recumbency
53
lying on the left side
left lateral recumbency
54
lying on the right side
right lateral recumbency
55
movement toward the midline
adduction
56
movement away from the midline
abduction
57
closure of a joint angle
flexion
58
increasing a joint angle
extension
59
the act of rotating the limb so that the palmar surface is turned upward
pronation
60
the act of rotating the limb so that the palamar surface is turned downward
supination
61
circular movement around an axis
rotation
62
combining form for cell
cyt/o
63
inherited disorder caused by defective genes
genetic disorder
64
a disorder or condition that is present at birth
congenital disorder
65
combining form for tissue
hist/o
66
Four types of tissue
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
67
prefix meaning above
epi-
68
______ tissue adds support and structure to the body by holding the organs in place
Connective
69
combining form for fat
adip/o
70
__________ tissue contains cell material with the specialized ability to contract and relax.
Muscle
71
________ tissue contains specialized cells to react and respond to stimuli and conduct electrical impulses.
Nervous
72
suffix used to describe formation, development, and growth of tissue and cell numbers.
-plasia
73
suffix: formation, development and increase is SIZE of tissue and cells
-trophy
74
decrease in size or complete wasting of organ or tissue or cell
atrophy
75
change in structure of cells and their orientation to each other
anaplasia
76
lack of development of organ or tissue or cell
aplasia
77
abnormal growth/development of organ, tissue or cell
dysplasia
78
abnormal increase in normal number of cells
hyperplasia
79
abnormal new growth of tissue in which the multiplication is unchecked
neoplasia
80
a distinct mass of neoplastic cells
tumor
81
a tumor that can spread to an adjacent site is said to be
malignant
82
increase in SIZE of an organ, tissue, or cell
hypertrophy
83
prefix: without
a-, an-
84
prefix: less than normal
hypo-
85
prefix: more than normal
hyper-
86
prefix: difficult, bad
dys-
87
prefix: new
neo-
88
specialized structures that secrete material elsewhere in the body
glands
89
groups of cells that secrete chemicals directly into the bloodstream
endocrine glands
90
groups of cells that secrete chemicals into ducts that leaf outside the body
exocrine glands
91
a part of the body that performs a special function
organ
92
prefix meaning one
uni-
93
pertaining to one side
unilateral
94
pertaining to 2 sides
bilateral
95
combining form: bones
oste/o
96
combining form: joint
arthr/o
97
combining form: cartilage
chondr/o
98
combining form: muscle
my/o
99
combining form: fascia
fasc/i, fasc/o
100
combining form: tendons
tend/o, tendin/o, ten/o
101
combining form: heart
cardi/o
102
combining form: arteries
arteri/o
103
combining form:veins
ven/o, phleb/o
104
combining form: blood
hem/o, hemat/o
105
combining form: lymph vessel
lymph/o
106
combining form: tonsils
tonsill/o
107
combining form: spleen
splen/o
108
combining form: thymus
thym/o
109
combining form: nose
nas/o, rhin/o
110
combining form: pharynx
pharyng/o
111
combining form: trachea
trache/o
112
combining form: larynx
laryng/o
113
combining form: lungs
pneum/o, pneumon/o
114
combining form: mouth
or/o, stomat/o
115
combining form: esophagus
esophag/o
116
combining form: stomach
gastr/o
117
combining form: small intestines
enter/o
118
combining form: large intestines
col/o, colon/o
119
combining form: liver
hepat/o
120
combining form: pancreas
pancreat/o
121
combining form: kidneys
ren/o, nephr/o
122
combining form: ureters
ureter/o
123
combining form: urethra
urethr/o
124
combining form: urinary bladder
cyst/o
125
combining form: nerves
neur/o, neur/i
126
combining form: brain
encephal/o
127
combining form: spinal cord
myel/o
128
combining form: eyes
opthalm/o, ocul/o, opt/o, opt/i,
129
combining form: sight
optic/o
130
combining form: ears
ot/o, aur/i, aur/o, audit/o, aud/i
131
combining form: sound
acous/o, acoust/o
132
combining form: skin
dermat/o, derm/o, cutane/o
133
combining form: adrenals
adren/o
134
combining form: gonads
gonad/o
135
combining form: pineal
pineal/o
136
combining form: pituitary
pituit/o
137
combining form: thyroid
thry/o, thyroid/o
138
combining form:testes
orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, testicul/o
139
combining form: ovaries
ovari/o, oophor/o
140
combining form: uterus
hyster/o, metr/o, metr/i, uter/o, metri/o
141
prefix: 3
tri-
142
prefix: 4
quadri-, quadro-
143
prefix: 5
quint-, quinqu-
144
prefix: 6
sex-
145
prefix: 7
sept-, septi-
146
prefix: 8
octo-
147
prefix: 9
novem-, nonus-
148
prefix: 10
deca-, decem-
