Chapter 2 Vocab and People Flashcards
Protestant Reformation
A movement of people leaving the Catholic churches because of the abuses of their power such as the sale of church offices and indulgences
Spainish Armada
The Spainish fleet defeated in the English Channel in 1588. The defeat of the Armada marked the beginning of the decline of the Spainish Empire
Primogeniture
Laws that said only the eldest son can inherit land estates
Joint Stock Company
investors would pool their capitals
Virginia Company
Joint Stock company responsible for Jamestown Settlement
Jamestown
First English Settlement in Americas, Peninsula- easy to defend but was mosquito ridden without a good water supply
First Anglo Powhattan War
outlined the rights of the massive African population in the West Indies, they had virtually no tights and masters had complete control over their slaves.
Iroquois Confederacy
Banded together 5 Indian Nations
Henry the 8th
English King who broke with Catholic church causing conflict with the Catholic Spai
Elizabeth the 1st
Break with Roman Catholic Church Finalized, Drake, Spainish Armada Defeated
Powhatan
Leader of the Powhattan Indian Tribes, who the English had shaky relations with.
Pocahontas
Daughter of Powhatan who was kidnapped and was married to John Rolfe ending the first Anglo-Powhatan War
John Rolfe
Ended First Anglo Powhatan war by marriage to Pocahontas. Responsible for economic success of Jamestown with new Tabaco Crop
Lord Baltimore
Catholic who founded Maryland
James Oglethorpe
One of the founders of Georgia, interested in prisoners reform when one of his friends died in debtors jail. Repelled Spainish Attacks
Francis Drake
IN 1580 he circumnavigated the globe, returning with Spanish Booty. The English fleet defeated the Spanish Armada, and weakened Spain, which helped ensure England’s naval dominance in the North Atlantic
Roanoke Island
Sir Walter Raleigh organized an expedition for a settlement. The colony mysteriously disappeared with no trace of them behind when cargo ships came with shipments.
Why people were willing to risk it all to settle in the new world?
An economic depression hit England in the late 1500s and many people lost their homes. Since the English were at peace with Spain many English people started moving to North America. Also many youngers sons subjected to primogeniture wanted to pave their own way. Due to the high population their was a surplus who could go to the Americas
John Smith
n 1608 Captain John Smith took over the settlement and forced people to fall in line. “He who shall not work shall not eat”. Kidnapped by Powhatan and fostered positive relations with the Natives
Starving Time
By 1609, of the 400 settlers who came to Virginia, only 60 survived the “Starving Time” (1609-1610). People resorted to rats, cats, dogs, and corpses. One man killed and ate his wife.
Lord de la Warr
reached Jamestown in 1610 with supplies and military. He started the first Anglo-Powhatan War. He raided and burned Native villages in the First Anglo Powhatan War. Ended by marriage between John Rolfe and Pocahontas.
John Rolfe and Pocahontas
During the Anglo-Powhatan war the English kidnapped Pocahontas, Powhatan’s daughter and married her to John Rolfe. Powhatan respected his daughters marriage which ended the war.
Second-Anglo Powhatan War
The Natives were defeated for a 2nd time and they were expelled from their lands
John Rolfe
perfected tobacco which made Virgina actually profitable.
House of Burgesses
An
Maryland
- Was formed in 1634 by Lord Baltimore
* Made as a refuge for Catholics to escape the Protestant English government.
Act of Toleration
passed in 1649, by local representative group in Maryland, which granted toleration to all Christians
