Chapter 2 Vocab

Question 1

Polymer

Answer 1

Product of polymerization; formed by monomers

Question 2

Carbohydrate

Answer 2

Compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, usually in a ratio of 1:2:1

Question 3

Monosaccharides

Answer 3

Single sugar molecules

Question 4

Polysaccharide

Answer 4

Many monosaccharides put together

Question 5

Lipid

Answer 5

Made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; usually not soluble in water

Question 6

Nucleic acid

Answer 6

Macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon, and phosphorus; formed from nucleotides

Question 7

Nucleotide

Answer 7

Consist of 3 parts - 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Question 8

Ribonucleic acid

Answer 8

Similar to DNA but has ribose instead of deoxyribose

Question 9

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Answer 9

Map of life; contains genetic/hereditary information

Question 10

Proteins

Answer 10

Macromolecules that contain nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 11

Amino acids

Answer 11

Compounds with an amino (-NH2) and a carbonyl group (-COOH)

Question 12

Chemical reaction

Answer 12

Process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals

Question 13

Reactant

Answer 13

Elements/compounds that enter a reaction

Question 14

Products

Answer 14

Elements/compounds that come out of a reaction

Question 15

Activation energy

Answer 15

Energy needed to start reaction

Question 16

Catalyst

Answer 16

Substance that speeds up rate of chemical reactions

Question 17

Enzyme

Answer 17

Proteins that act as biological catalysts

Question 18

Substrate

Answer 18

Reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions

Question 19

Monomer

Answer 19

Smaller units or polymers