CHAPTER 2: VISUAL PERCEPTION

Question 1

BASIC STRUCTURES OF THE BRAIN

1.functions of the cerebral cortex
2.what type of organazation does the cortex have?

Answer 1

1.creates perception, language, memory and thinking
2.Modular organazation in specific areas of the cortex: vison occipital lobe, hearing temporal lobe, skin parietal lobe, all senses frontal lobe

Question 2

NEURONS

Structure of neurons:

Answer 2

1. Dendrites:branch out from the cell
   body to receive electrical signals from other neurons
2. axon, or nerve fi ber, is fi lled with fl uid that conducts electrical signals.
3. neuron receptors: respond to environmental stimuli

Question 3

CHEMICAL BASIS OF ACTION POTENTIALS

What is the action potentrial made of?

Answer 3

its made of a wet liquid that contains ions of Na and K

Question 4

Action potential properties

Answer 4

1. propagated response: once its trigered it travels down the axon
2. refractory period: Time between 1st nerve impulse occurs and the nbext one can be generated in the axon.
3. spontaneous activity: action potentials that happen without a stimulus
4. synapsis: space between two neurons

Question 5

What happens in the synapsis?

Answer 5

1.once the action potentials reach the end they release neurontransmitters
2.neurontransmitters are in synaptic vesicles in sending neuron and are the captured by the post synaptic neuron by specific areas.
3.excitory transmitters: its the depolirazation of a neuron it causes an excitory responce from an excitory transmitter
4.hyperpolirazatrioninhibitory responsefrom an inhibitory transmiters

Question 6

NEURAL PROCESSING:EXCITATION, INHIBITION, AND INTERACTIONS BETWEEN NEU

what is convergence?

Answer 6

the synapsis of more than one neuron onto a single neuron.

Question 7

What is a receptive field?

Answer 7

Are on the receptor that influences the firing rate

Question 8

RECEPTIVE FIELD

What is the increase of a neurons firing rate called?

Answer 8

excitory area of a neurons recetive field

Question 9

what is the center sorrounded?

Answer 9

Center region that responds one way and a sorrounded region that responds in the opposite way, called excitory-center-inhibitory-sorrounded receptive field.

Question 10

RECEPTIVE FIELD

inhibitory- center-excitory-sorround receptive field?

Answer 10

in which stimulating the center decreases the firing and stimulating the sorrounding increases firing

Question 11

what is specificity coding?

Answer 11

Its neurons that only respond to specific objects in an environment

Question 12

distributed coding?

Answer 12

representation of a particular object by the pattern of firing of groups of neurons

Question 13

What is sparse coding?

Answer 13

particular object is represented by the fiering of a relatively small numnber of neurons.