Chapter 2 - User Accounts Flashcards
What are the types of local user accounts in macOS Big Sur? How are they different?
The local user accounts in macOS include the following:
Administrator: Administrator user accounts are part of the admin group and are allowed full access to all apps, preferences, and shared resource locations.
Standard: Standard users are allowed to take advantage of nearly all the resources and features of a Mac, but they generally can’t change preferences that might affect other users
Guest: The default guest account is similar to a standard user, but it doesn’t require a password. When a guest user logs out, the home folder is deleted, including any home folder items that would normally be saved, such as preference files or web browser history.
Sharing Only: “Sharing Only” accounts share files with someone on a different computer, but that user can’t log in to your Mac.
System Administrator (root user account): The System Administrator account has more access to files than administrator user accounts, such as files in user home folders. You can use it to perform tasks that require more privileges than administrator user accounts have. It is turned off by default on macOS.
Group: A group account is a list of user accounts that gives you greater control over file and folder access.
What other types of user accounts can macOS use in additional to local user accounts?
macOS uses two other user accounts in addition to the local user accounts:
Network user accounts: Available to multiple Mac computers and stored on a shared directory server such as Active Directory that centralizes identification, authentication, and authorization information. The home folder for a Network user account is usually stored on a network file server.
Mobile user account: A network user account that has been synced with the local user database so that you can use a mobile user account even when your Mac can’t contact the shared directory server. The home folder for a mobile user account is usually stored on the startup disk.
Can a standard account user install apps and app updates from the App Store?
Yes, standard account users can install apps and app updates from the App Store.
If FileVault is turned on and you turn on the option “Allow guests to log in to this computer”, what happens when you log in with the guest account?
When FileVault is turned on and you log in with the guest account, your Mac restarts, and Safari is the only app available. When the user with the guest account quits Safari, the guest account home folder is deleted and the Mac restarts.
What are user account attributes? How do you view account attributes?
User account attributes are the individual pieces of information that define a user account. Examples include user ID, group, account name, full name, login shell, home directory, universally unique ID (UUID), Apple ID, and aliases. To view user account attributes, open the Users & Groups preferences in System Preferences, Control-click a user account, then choose Advanced Options.
How can you limit the amount of time that a user account can access apps?
You can use Screen Time to manage downtime, app limits, and content and privacy restrictions.
What does fast user switching allow you to do?
Fast user switching lets a Mac switch between user accounts without users logging out or quitting apps.
Which folders, by default, are contained in a user’s home folder?
The default folders in a user’s home folder include the Desktop, Documents, Downloads, Movies, Music, Pictures, and Public folders.
How do you turn on the Stacks feature to organize your desktop?
To turn on Stacks, click the Desktop to make the Finder the active app, then choose Use Stacks from the View menu. You can also Control-click the desktop, then choose Use Stacks.
Why don’t you see your Library folder in your home folder by default? What does you Library folder contain?
In your home folder, your Library folder is hidden in the Finder by default. Your Library folder includes user-specific preference files, fonts, contacts, keychains, mailboxes, favorites, screen savers, and other app resources.
Which folder can you use to share a file with another user on the same computer?
Every user has a Dropbox folder, located in their Public folder, that they can use to transfer files to other users. Other users can’t add or make changes to the files in your public folder.
What options do you have when you delete a local user account?
You have three options when you delete a local user account:
Save the home folder in a disk image
Leave the home folder unchanged
Delete the home folder
What does Migration Assistant do?
Migration Assistant transfers settings, user accounts, and content from a Mac, Windows computer, or Time Machine backup to your Mac.
How do you associate a new local user account with a manually migrated or restored user’s home folder in macOS?
Follow these steps to associate a new local user account with a manually migrated or restored user’s home folder:
A. Copy the restored user’s home folder to the /Users folder
B. Open System Preferences and select Users & Groups.
C. Create a new local user account with the same account name as the user’s home folder. You’ll be asked to associate the new local user account with the restored home folder.
What are the different types of passwords you can use to secure your Mac?
You can use these different types of passwords to secure a Mac:
Local user account password: Used to log in to your Mac
Apple ID and password: For iCloud, iTunes Store, and the App Store
Keychain passwords: Protects authentication assets in encrypted keychain files
Resource passwords: For email, websites, file servers, apps, and encrypted disk images
Firmware password: Prevents your Intel-based Mac from starting up from any disk other than your designated startup disk.
