Chapter 2 Unit 2 - 5 Flashcards
How did Hitler reconstruct democracy
On January 30 1933, president Hindenburg offered chancellorship, the highest position among the cabinet of ministers to Hitler
Having acquired power Hitler set out to dismantle the structure of democratic rule
The fire decree on February 28 1933 indefinitely suspended civil rights
On March 3 1933 the famous enabling act was passed .
Special surveillance and security forces were created
The fire decree of 1933
The fire decree of 1933 indefinitely suspended civil rights such as freedom of speech, press and assembly guaranteed by the Weimar constitution
SA stands for
Storm troopers
Gestapo stands for
secret state police
SS stands for
The protection squads
SD stands for
security service
Name the economist whom Hitler appointed for the economic recovery of Germany
Hjalmar Schacht
describe the methods adopted by Hitler for the economic recovery of Germany
Hitler assigned the duty of economic recovery to the economist Hjalmar Schacht who aimed at full production and full employment under a state funded work creation programme
this project created the famous German superhighways and the people’s car- The Volkswagen
In foreign policy also, Hitler acquired quick success
He pulled out League of Nations in 1932 and reoccupied Rhineland in1936
He integrated Austria and Germany under the slogan “ one people, one empire and one leader”
Describe the reasons that led to the 2nd World war
In September 1939 Germany invaded Poland
This started a war with England and France
In September 1940, a Tripartite pact was signed by Germany, Italy and Japan Strengthening Hitler’s claim to international powers
Hitler now moved to achieve his long-term ambition of conquering Eastern Europe
He attacked the Soviet Union in 1941
The Soviet Red Army inflicted a crushing and humiliating defeat for Germany at Stalingrad
When Japan extended its support to Hitler and bombed US base at Pearl harbor, USA entered WW2
The 2nd World war ended with Hitler’s defeat and USA dropping an Atom Bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan
Describe the Nazi Ideology
According to the Nazi Ideology, there was no equality among the people but only a racial hierarchy
In this view, the blond,blue eyed,Nordic German Aryans were on top while the Jews were at the lowest rung
They came to be regarded as anti race
Hitler’s racism borrowed from thinkers like Charles Darwin and Herbert Spenser
The Nazi argument was simple, the strongest race would survive and the weak ones would perish
The Aryan race was the finest,
It had to regain it’s purity, become stronger and dominate the world
The other aspects of Hitler’s ideology geopolitical concept included Lebansrum or living space
Explain Lebansraum
He believed that more land should be acquired for the settlement
This would enhance the area of mother country while enabling settlers to maintain a link with the place of their origin
This would also enhance the material resource of Germany
How did Nazis establish a racial state?
They physically eliminated the undesirables
Under the euthanasia program Nazis killed the undesirables
The Jews were forced to live in separately marked areas called ghettos
From 1933 - 1938 the Nazis terrorised,pauperised and segregated Jews, compelling them to leave the country
From 1939 - 1945 they were sent to concentration camps and then taken to gas chambers in Poland
Steps to death in Nazi Germany
Exclusion (1933-39)
It stated that the Jews had no right to live among the Germans as citizens
Ghettoisation (1940 - 44 )
The Jews has no right to live among Germans
Annihilation ( 1941 Onwards)
The Jews had no right to live
Explain the Nuremberg laws of citizenship
Only German or related blood could be henceforth considered as German citizens and enjoy protection from German empire
Marriages between Jews and Germans were forbidden
Extramarital affairs between Jews and Germans was made a crime
Jews were forbidden to fly the national flag
What is known as ‘ Night of broken glass ‘ ?
The properties of Jews were vandalized, looted, houses attacked and synagogues burnt and men arrested in a progrom of November 1938, remembered as the ‘The Night of broken glass’
