Chapter 2 Topic 1

Question 1

Name a few resources that come from the earth

Answer 1

water, wood, food, metals, glass, elements

Question 2

When did a rapid growth in population occur?

Answer 2

After the industrial revolution near the 2000’s

Question 3

What we do need to survive (bare bones) what do we need to live in the modern world?

Answer 3

Need food, water, and shelter, now on modern world need phones, cars, computers- therefore we use more reosurces per individual

Question 4

What technologies have we developed to deal with our basic need of food?

Answer 4

irrigation (bringing water to crops via pumps), tractors(increases efficiency of harvest), fossil fuels(machines like tractors are powered by this), fertilizers (replenish depleted nutrients from crops)

Question 5

Why are we having a soil shortage and how do we mitigate it?

Answer 5

Soil is being eroded and now we’re taking soil space by buildings, mitigate this by building up to take up less surface area, place solar panels on buildings instead

Question 6

What is a renewable resource? What is a non renewable resource?

Answer 6

A renewable resource is replenished over short time scales (months/years) a non renewable resource exists on earth in a fixed quantity and is replenished over thousands to millions of years ex: soil and groundwater

Question 7

Define what a mineral resource is?

Answer 7

are natural concentrations that result from physical and chemical processes active in earths crust

Question 8

What are the two main type of mineral resources?

Answer 8

Metallic and non metallic

Question 9

What physical property of minerals does the term metallic describe?

Answer 9

lustre

Question 10

Name 4 non metallic mineral resources?

Answer 10

Sand, potash, halite, limestone

Question 11

Name 3 metallic mineral resources?

Answer 11

metallic, copper, hematite

Question 12

What are some uses for sulfur (non metallic mineral resource)

Answer 12

matches, tires, raid

Question 13

What are some uses for halite?

Answer 13

rock salt, table salt

Question 14

What are some uses for diamond?

Answer 14

Rings, industrial blades

Question 15

What are some uses for gypsum?

Answer 15

drywall, cement

Question 16

What minerals are used in fertilizer?

Answer 16

nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

Question 17

What are the two minerals commonly use din construction?

Answer 17

Clay and gypsum

Question 18

What is aggregrate?

Answer 18

mixture of crushed stone, sand, gravel and is often base we use for builds about 50% of our global sand usage.

Question 19

What is clay used in?

Answer 19

In soils vertisol that expands and absorbs moisture, used in drilling wells, beauty products, toothpaste, ice cream

Question 20

Why is there sand sold in the black market?

Answer 20

Because there’s a global sand shortage as you need a specific angular type of sand to make concrete

Question 21

What are some metallic minerals and there uses?

Answer 21

Tin- used in batteries, electronics, fuel tanks
Gold- used in fuel cells
Tungsten
Tantalum

Question 22

What are abundant metallic minerals, name some

Answer 22

Abundant means they have an excess of .1% by weight in average continental crust, for ex aluminum, iron, magnesium., manganese, titanium

Question 23

What are scarce metallic minerals name some?

Answer 23

Are less than .1% by weight in average continental crust, ex: copper, lead, zinc, nickel, platinum

Question 24

Where are scarce metallic minerals found?

Answer 24

Are concentrated in sulfide deposits

Question 25

What is the defn of a reserve?

Answer 25

Is the portion of an identified resource that can be recovered economically. An ore is a reserve of metallic minerals.

Question 26

What are the seven major classes of minerals?

Answer 26

Silicates, native elements (scarce), oxides (scarce), sulfides (scarce, used in vehicles), sulfates (scarce), halides, carbonates

Question 27

What four processes are involved in creating a mineral?

Answer 27

Subsurface processes, surface processes, shallow subsurface/diagentic processes, metor impact/mantle melt

Question 28

explain what subsurface processes are?

Answer 28

Are igneous processes and metamorphic processes

Question 29

Explain what surface processes are?

Answer 29

Are weathering and physical/chemical sedimentation

Question 30

What is diagenesis?

Answer 30

Is what happens when sediment that is deposited gets squeezed and forms new minerals through pressure, temp, and water ppt new minerals.