Chapter 2 - Thinking And Researching (P2)

Question 1

Double consciousness

Answer 1

Among black Americans, the sense of “two-ness”, that is, of being both black and American

Question 2

Dysfunction

Answer 2

An observable consequence that negatively affects the ability of a given system to survive, adapt, or adjust

Question 3

Empiricism

Answer 3

The gathering of information and evidence using one’s senses, especially one’s eyes and ears, to experience the social world

Question 4

Ethics

Answer 4

A set of beliefs concerning right and wrong in the choices that people make and the ways those choices are justified

Question 5

Ethnography

Answer 5

Observational, sometimes participatory research; usually intensive and conducted over lengthy periods, that leads to an account of what people do and how they live

Question 6

Ethnomethodology

Answer 6

An inter/actionist theory focusing on what people do rather than what they think

Question 7

Exchange relationship

Answer 7

A stable and persistent bond between individual who interact, generally formed because their interactions are rewarding

Question 8

Exchange theory

Answer 8

A set of ideas related to the rewards and costs associated with human behavior

Question 9

Explanatory survey

Answer 9

A questionnaire or interview used to uncover potential causes for some observation

Question 10

Exploitation

Answer 10

A feature of capitalism in which the workers produce virtually everything but get few rewards, while the capitalists, who do little, reap the vast majority of the rewards

Question 11

Feminist theory

Answer 11

A set of ideas critical of the social situation confronting women and offering solutions for improving, if not revolutionizing, their situation

Question 12

Field experiment

Answer 12

Research that occurs in natural situations but allows researchers to exert at least some control over who participates and what happens during the experiment

Question 13

Function

Answer 13

An observable, positive consequence that helps a system survive, adapt, or adjust

Question 14

Global ethnography

Answer 14

A type of ethnography that is “grounded” in various parts of the world and that seeks to understand globalization as it exists in people’s social lives

Question 15

Historical - comparative research

Answer 15

A research methodology that contrasts how different historical events and conditions in various societies lead to different societal outcomes