Chapter 2: The process

Question 1

What are the four main phases of the Waterfall Model?

Answer 1

• Requirement definition phase
• Design phase
• Coding phase
• Testing phase

Question 2

In what scenario is the Prototyping Model most effective?

Answer 2

យើងប្រើ model នេះក្នងគោលបំណងចង់ដឹងអំពី system requirement ឬ ក្នុងពេលដែល client គាត់មិនដឹងអំពី requirement របស់គាត់

Question 3

What is the primary characteristic of the RAD (Rapid Application Development) Model?

Answer 3

• ដំណើការនៃការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍ SW តាមបែបបន្ថែម (Incremental software development) គឺកើនឡើងជាជំហានៗ ដែលជុំអភិវឌ្ឍន៍នីមួយៗមានរយៈពេលខ្លី (60 ថ្ងៃ​ ទៅ 90​ ថ្ងៃ)

Question 4

Name the four types of maintenance in the support phase of the software process.

Answer 4

• Correction
• Adaption
• Enhancement
• Prevention

Question 5

Why is risk analysis critical in the Spiral Model?

Answer 5

ពីព្រោះវាត្រូវបានគេប្រើសម្រាប់​ large, expensive, complicated និង mission-critical projects ដែលមាន high amount of risk។

Question 6

What distinguishes the WinWin Spiral Model from the Spiral Model?

Answer 6

• WinWin spiral model អនុញ្ញាតឲ្យ មានការសម្រុះសម្រួលគ្នារវាង developer និង​ customer ដែលភាគីទាំងពីរ “ឈ្នះ” ដូចគ្នា។

Question 7

What is the main advantage of the Component-Based Development Model?

Answer 7

វាអនុញ្ញាឲ្យ developer ប្រើប្រាស់ឡើងវិញនូវ​ components ដែលមានស្រាប់ក្នុងការពន្លឿន​ software development និងកាត់បន្ថយការចំណាយ។

Question 8

How does the Incremental Model differ from the Linear Sequential Model?

Answer 8

Incremental model កើតឡើងពីការផ្សំគ្នារវាង linear sequential model and prototyping model។​ ​វាមាន incremental មិនកំណត់នោះទេ ដែលអាចឲ្យយើងបន្ថែមនូវតម្រូវការថ្មីៗចូល អាស្រ័យលើតម្រូវការអ្នកប្រើប្រាស់។ ខណពេលដែល linear sequential model ក្រោយពីចប់ដំណាក់កាលធ្វើ test គឺមិនធ្វើអ្វីផ្សេងទៀតទេ។

Question 9

What is the focus of the V-Process Model?

Answer 9

V-process model គឺ ផ្ដោតទៅលើការកែកំហុសភ្លាមៗទៅតាម phase នីមួយៗនៅពេលស្វែងរកឃើញ ដោយមិនអនុញ្ញាឲ្យឆ្លងទៅ phase ផ្សេងទេ។

Question 10

Explain the Prototyping Model, including its steps and when it is most suitable.

Answer 10

Prototyping model has objective to understand the system requirement. The step is:
1. Requirements Gathering
2. Quick Design
3. Build Prototype
4. User Evaluation: Present the prototype to users for feedback
5. Refinement: Incorporate user feedback to improve the prototype, repeating the process as needed until the final requirements are well-defined

Question 11

Discuss the RAD Model and its phaseស.

Answer 11

RAD model កើតចេញពី linear sequential model ដែលមានល្បឿនលឿន។​ project requirement របស់វាដាច់ខាតត្រូវតែ well understood និង project scope tightly constrained។ ក្រុមនីមួយៗគួរតែមានគ្នា ៦ នាក់ដោយរួមបញ្ចូលទាំង developer និង full-time user of the system។ developer សម្រាប់ RAD model គួរតែជាមនុស្សដែលមាន​ multi-talented (analyst, designer, programmer)។ phase នីមួយៗ មានដូចជា :
- Business modeling (វិភាគ)
- Data modeling
- Process modeling
- Application Generation
- Testing & Turnover (ស្វែងរកកំហុស មុនដល់ដៃអ្នកប្រើប្រាស់)

Question 12

Outline the steps of the Spiral Model and explain its suitability for large, complex projects.

Answer 12

1. Customer communication
2. Planning
3. Risk analysis: analysis both technical risk and management risk
4. Engineering: build one or more representation of the application
5. Construction and Release: construct, test, install and provide user support(document and training)
6. Customer evaluation: receive user reaction after engineering and installation phases
   Model នេះ ត្រុវការចំណាយលុយច្រើន និង ភាពជោគជ័យគឺអាស្រ័យទៅលើការវិភាគ។

Question 13

Compare the Incremental Model and the RAD Model, focusing on their approaches to delivering software.

Answer 13

Incremental model:
- Delivery: Gradual delivery in increments
- Focus: Continuous improvement and evolving requirements
- Best For: Large projects with evolving requirements
- Development Time: Longer, based on multiple iterations
- User Involvement: Limited to each increment
RAD model:
- Delivery: Rapid delivery of the entire product
- Focus: Speed and user feedback
- Best For: Small projects with clearly defined requirements
- Development Time: Shorter, usually 60 - 90 days
- User Involvement: High during all phases of development

Question 14

What are the key differences between the V-Process Model and other software development models?

Answer 14

V-Process model:
- Testing: Testing is integrated with every phase
- Flexibility: Rigid, sequential phases
- Documentation: Extensive documentation required
- Focus: Quality and reliability
- Best For: High-quality critical systems
Other development model:
- Testing: Testing often follows development or occurs iteratively
- Flexibility: Flexible (Incremental, RAD, Spiral)
- Documentation: Documentation often minimized (e.g., RAD, Agile)
- Focus: Speed (RAD), adaptability (Spiral), or evolution (Incremental)
- Best For: Dynamic or rapidly evolving projects

Question 15

How should a team select the most appropriate process model for their project?

Answer 15

• Well-defined requirements: Waterfall, V-Process
• Evolving requirements: Incremental, Spiral, Prototyping
• High risk: Spiral
• Low risk: Waterfall, Incremental
• Tight deadlines: RAD
• Long timelines: Waterfall, V-Process
• High user involvement: Prototyping, RAD
• Minimal user involvement: Waterfall
• High-quality standards: V-Process
• Low budget: Waterfall, Prototyping