Chapter 2: The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory Flashcards
What is neuroscience?
The study of brain and the rest of the nervous system
Historically, most early studies of learning and memory focus on?
observable behaviour rather than on the brain and how it functions
The brain is just one component of a collection of body organs called?
the nervous system
What is the nervous system?
the organ system devoted to the distribution to the distribution and processing of signals that affect biological functions throughout the body
What is the Central nervous System (CNS)?
the part of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord
What is the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
The part of the nervous system that transmits signals from sensory receptors to the CNS and carries commands from the CNS to muscles
What is a neuron?
a special type of cell that is one of the main competes of the nervous system
What are the 5 main nervous system components?
- CNS
- PNS
- Sensory Organs
- Muscles
- Body Organs
What neurons do PNS consist of?
consists of motor and sensory neurons that connect the brain to the spinal cord to the rest of the body
What are the 6 visible surfaces of the human brain?
- Frontal Lobe
- Parietal Lobe
- Temporal Lobe
- Occipital Lobe
- Brainstem
- Cerebellum
Where is the cerebral cortex located?
The brain tissue covering top and sides of the brain in most vertebrates
What is the cerebral cortex responsible for?
involved in storage and processing of sensory inputs and motor outputs
Where is the frontal lobe located?
FRONT
The part of the cerebral cortex lying at the front of the human brain
What is the purpose of the frontal lobe?
Enables a person to plan and perform actions
Where is the parietal lobe located?
TOP/PEAK
The part of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the human brain
What it the parietal lobe’s purpose?
important for processing somatosensory inputs
What is somatosensory?
touch
Where is the temporal lobe located?
SIDES
the part of the cerebral cortex lying at the sides of the human brain
What is the temporal lobe’s purpose?
Important for language and auditory processing and for learning new facts and forming new memories
Where is the occipital lobe located?
BACK
the part of the cerebral cortex lying at the rear of the human brain
What is the occipital lobe’s purpose?
Important for visual processing
Where is the cerebellum located?
A brain region lying below the cerebral cortex in the back of the head
What is the cerebellum’s purpose?
Responsible for the regulation and coordination of complex voluntary muscular movement, including classical conditioning of motor-reflex responses
Where is the brainstem?
a group of structure that connects the rest of the brain to the spinal cord