Chapter 2: the nature of molecules and the properties of water

Question 1

The nature of atoms:

Answer 1

Matter had mass and occupies space

All matter is composed of atoms

Understanding the structure of atoms is critical to understanding the nature of biological molecules

Question 2

Atoms composed of:

Answer 2

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

Question 3

Protons:

Answer 3

Positive

Located in nucleus

Question 4

Neutrons:

Answer 4

NEUTRAL PARTICLES

located in nucleus

Question 5

Electrons:

Answer 5

Negatively charged

In ORBITALS surrounding nucleus

Question 6

Number of protons = number of electrons

Answer 6

Atoms are electrical neutral

Question 7

Atomic number = number of protons

Answer 7

Every atom of particle had same # of protons

Question 8

Element(type of atom): any substance that cannot be broken down to?

Answer 8

Any other substance by ordinary chemical means

Question 9

Mass refers to?

Answer 9

Amount of substance

Question 10

Weight refers to?

Answer 10

Force gravity exerts on substance

Question 11

Sum of protons and neutrons is?

Answer 11

The atom’s atomic mass

Question 12

Each proton and neutron has a mass of?

Answer 12

Approximately 1 dalton

Question 13

Neutral atoms have?

Answer 13

Same # of electrons and protons

Question 14

Ions are charges particles and?

Answer 14

Unbalanced

Question 15

Cation-

Answer 15

Positive charge bc more protons than electrons so positively unbalanced

Question 16

Anion-

Answer 16

Negative charge bc less protons than electrons to balance out the charge

Question 17

Isotopes:

Answer 17

Atoms of a single element possess different numbers of neutrons

Question 18

Radioactive isotopes are??

Answer 18

Install let and emit radiation as the nucleus breaks up

Question 19

Electron arrangement is the key to chemical behavior of an atom

Answer 19

This lies in the # and arrangement of its electrons in their orbitals

Question 20

Bohr model-

Answer 20

Electrons in discrete orbitals

Question 21

Modern physics defines orbitals as?

Answer 21

An area around a nucleus where an electron is most likely to be found

Question 22

No orbital can contain?

Answer 22

More than 2 electrons

Question 23

Electrons have potential energy related to?

Answer 23

Their position

Question 24

Electrons farther from the nucleus

Answer 24

Have more energy

Question 25

Redox is during a chemical reaction

Answer 25

Electrons can be transferred from one atom to another

Question 26

Oxidation=

Answer 26

Loss of an electron

Question 27

Reduction=

Answer 27

Gain of an electron (OIL RIG)

Question 28

Electron in redox still retain the energy

Answer 28

Of their position in an atom

Question 29

There are different types of atoms and the different types are called?

Answer 29

An element

Question 30

Each element is?

Answer 30

Unique and has its own properties